Overview
- Editors:
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V. E. Andreucci
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Department of Nephrology, University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Antonio Canton
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Department of Nephrology, University of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Table of contents (148 papers)
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Diuretics and Renal Disease
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- G. Orsoni, A. Di Felice, G. Liviano D’Arcangelo, M. P. Scolari, S. Stefoni, V. Bonomini
Pages 379-381
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- G. Passavanti, M. Giannattasio, G. Mazzia, P. Coratelli
Pages 385-387
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- G. Giorcelli, G. M. Vacha, G. P. Icardi
Pages 388-390
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- N. E. Montemurro, R. Giordano, F. Godino, C. Grossi
Pages 391-393
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- G. Bandiani, E. Camaiora, M. A. Nicolini, U. Perotta
Pages 394-396
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- M. Palestini, A. Messina, M. Carosi, C. Borgnino
Pages 397-399
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- C. Esposito, M. Sabbatini, M. Altomonte, G. Romano, F. Uccello, P. Veniero et al.
Pages 400-402
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- M. Sabbatini, C. Esposito, M. Altomonte, G. Romano, F. Uccello, P. Veniero et al.
Pages 403-405
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- B. Memoli, S. Federico, A. Papa, M. Sabbatini, G. Conte, R. M. Gazzotti et al.
Pages 406-408
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- M. Bruno, C. Martini, M. Marangella, B. Fruttero, A. Tricerri, G. Sebastiani et al.
Pages 409-411
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- F. Mastrangelo, M. Napoli, C. Corliano’, V. De Blasi, S. Rizzelli, L. Alfonso et al.
Pages 412-414
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- A. Grzegorzewska, K. Bączyk
Pages 415-417
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- J. Knapowski, A. Bręborowicz, K. Czyżewska
Pages 418-420
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Diuretics in Cirrhosis
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Front Matter
Pages 421-421
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- K. von Bergmann, G. Brunner, W. Haecker, E. von Moellendorff
Pages 423-425
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- D. S. Bakhle, C. J. Mistry, L. M. Pinto Pereira, R. D. Kulkarni
Pages 429-431
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- Arnaldo Di Sciacca, F. Durante, R. M. Di Piazza, G. Cuccbiara, A. Frontini, A. Ingrassia et al.
Pages 432-434
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- A. Ajello, A. Spadaro, M. A. Freni, I. Calapristi, A. Fava, A. Cappello et al.
Pages 435-437
About this book
The need for adequate means by which to improve urine output is very old. Even in the "Scuola Salernitana", the oldest medieval medical school in Western Europe, about 1000 years ago it was taught how to improve urine output. The list of known "diuretica" included herbs, plants, roots, vegetables, in particular asparagus, fennel and carrot. The first diuretic drugs, however, were mercurial compounds. Thus, calomel, mercurous chloride, was initially used as a diuretic in the sixteenth century by Paracelsus, being one of the ingredients of the so-called "Guy's Hospital pill". But calomel had a cathartic effect so that it was replaced by organic mercurial compounds. These diuretics were clearly toxic. After the discovery of the car bonic anhydrase, in the early 1930s, and the introduction of sulfanilamide as a chemotherapeutic agent, it was observed that this drug was inhibiting carbonic anhydrase in vitro and urinary acidification in vivo thereby causing metabolic acidosis; urine output, however, appeared to increase. Subsequent studies led to the synthesis of more potent analogs, in particular acetazolamide. Studies on car bonic anhydrase inhibitors led to the synthesis of benzothiadiazides which disclosed much less inactivating action on carbonic anhydrase and much more diuretic effect through an inhibition of tubular transport of sodium and chloride. Chlorothiazide was the first member of this class of diuretics. Thiazides are still used in clinical practice.