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The Mathematics of India

Concepts, Methods, Connections

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  • © 2018

Overview

  • Highlights the exceptionally fruitful periods of the millennia-long history of the mathematical tradition of India
  • Discusses about the period of the construction of the now-universal system of decimal numeration and of a framework for planar geometry
  • Reviews about about the classical period inaugurated by Aryabhata’s invention of trigonometry and the principles of discrete calculus
  • Talks about the phase of Madhava, which produced a rigorous infinitesimal calculus of such functions

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Table of contents (16 chapters)

  1. Beginnings

  2. The Aryabhatan Revolution

  3. Madhava and the Invention of Calculus

  4. Connections

Keywords

About this book

This book identifies three of the exceptionally fruitful periods of the millennia-long history of the mathematical tradition of India: the very beginning of that tradition in the construction of the now-universal system of decimal numeration and of a framework for planar geometry; a classical period inaugurated by Aryabhata’s invention of trigonometry and his enunciation of the principles of discrete calculus as applied to trigonometric functions; and a final phase that produced, in the work of Madhava, a rigorous infinitesimal calculus of such functions. The main highlight of this book is a detailed examination of these critical phases and their interconnectedness, primarily in mathematical terms but also in relation to their intellectual, cultural and historical contexts.

Recent decades have seen a renewal of interest in this history, as manifested in the publication of an increasing number of critical editions and translations of texts, as well as in an informed analytic interpretation of their content by the scholarly community. The result has been the emergence of a more accurate and balanced view of the subject, and the book has attempted to take an account of these nascent insights. As part of an endeavour to promote the new awareness, a special attention has been given to the presentation of proofs of all significant propositions in modern terminology and notation, either directly transcribed from the original texts or by collecting together material from several texts.

Reviews

“This is a very well-written account of the mathematics of India. There is a strong need for further research to fill the gaps that exist in the history of mathematics of India, and I think the current book serves to inspire the younger generation to undertake such an effort.” (Gnana B. Tenali, Mathematical Reviews, March 2, 2020)

Authors and Affiliations

  • Chennai Mathematical Institute, Kochi, India

    P. P. Divakaran

About the author

P.P. DIVAKARAN retired as professor from the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai in 1996. Subsequently, he has spent time at several institutions as adjunct or visiting professor. The present book grew out of research done at the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune, as the holder of a Senior Award of the Homi Bhabha Fellowships Council.



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