Cooling Flows in Clusters and Galaxies

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xiii

   PDF

2. Properties of Clusters of Galaxies

   • Craig L. Sarazin

   Pages 1-15

3. Clusters of Galaxies and Cooling Hot Gas

   • W. Forman

   Pages 17-29

4. A Catalog(UE) of Cooling Flows

   • K. A. Arnaud

   Pages 31-40

5. Alternative Cooling Flow Models

   • Joel N. Bregman, L. P. David

   Pages 41-46

6. The Role of Heat Conduction in Cooling Flows

   • Avery Meiksin

   Pages 47-51

7. Einstein Observatory Solid State Detector Observations of Cooling Flows in Clusters of Galaxies

   • R. F. Mushotzky, A. E. Szymkowiak

   Pages 53-62

8. X-Ray Emission Lines from Cooling Flows

   • Claude R. Canizares, Thomas H. Markert, Megan E. Donahue

   Pages 63-72

9. Optical, Ultraviolet, and Infrared Observations of Cooling Flows in Rich Clusters

   • Esther M. Hu

   Pages 73-86

10. Dynamics of Cosmic Rays in Cooling Flows

    • Hans Böhringer, Gregor E. Morfill

    Pages 87-91

11. Hot and Cold Gas in Early-Type Galaxies: A Comparison of X-Ray, HI and Far Infrared Emission

    • G. R. Knapp

    Pages 93-102

12. Evidence for Star Formation in Cooling Flows

    • Robert W. O’Connell, Brian R. McNamara

    Pages 103-113

13. Dynamical Friction in the Rich Cluster A2029

    • R. G. Bower, R. S. Ellis, G. F. Efstathiou

    Pages 115-119

14. Color Gradients in Cooling Flow Cluster Central Galaxies and the Ionization of Cluster Emission Line Systems

    • W. Romanishin

    Pages 121-125

15. Ultraviolet Evidence for Star Formation in Elliptical Galaxies

    • Francesco Bertola

    Pages 127-132

16. Characteristics of Extended Gas Around Radio Galaxies

    • I. J. Danziger, P. Focardi

    Pages 133-144

17. HI Absorption Detection in the Perseus Cooling Flow

    • W. J. Jaffe, A. G. de Bruyn, D. Sijbreng

    Pages 145-147

18. Radio Observations of NGC1275 at 90 and 20cm

    • A. Pedlar, H. Ghataure, R. D. Davies, B. Harrison, R. Perley, P. C. Crane

    Pages 149-154

19. Photoionization versus shocks in the filaments of NGC 1275

    • C. Boisson, D. Péquignot

    Pages 155-158

20. Cooling Flow Filaments and the Emission-Line Gas in NGC1275

    • Roderick Johnstone

    Pages 159-163

X-ray astronomers discovered the diffuse gas in clusters of galaxies about 20 years ago. It was later realized that the central gas density in some clusters, and in elliptical galaxies, is so high that radiative cooling is a significant energy loss. The cooling time of the gas decreases rapidly towards the centre of the cluster or galaxy and is less than a Hubble time within the innermost few hundred kiloparsecs. This results in a cooling flow in which the gas density rises in order to maintain pressure to support the weight of the overlying gas. The rate at which mass is deposited by the flow is inferred to be several hundreds of solar masses per year in some clusters. The fraction of clusters in which cooling flows are found may exceed 50 per cent. Small flows probably occur in most normal elliptical galaxies that are not in rich clusters. The implications of this simple phenomenon are profound, for we appear to be witnessing the ongoing formation of the central galaxy. In particular, since most of the gas is undetected once it cools below about 3 million K, it appears to form dark matter. There is no reason why it should be detectable with current techniques if each cooling proton only recombines once and the matter condenses into objects of low mass.

• cosmic ray
• cosmology
• observatory
• quasar
• relativistic jet
• star
• star formation

• Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

  A. C. Fabian

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