Drug Addiction and AIDS

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-X

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2. Epidemiology

   1. Observations on the Stabilization of HIV Seroprevalence Among Injecting Drug Users

      • D. C. Des Jarlais

      Pages 1-7

   2. HIV-Antibody Testing and Risk-Prone Behaviour Amongst IVDU’s in Oslo, Norway

      • G. Welle-Strand

      Pages 8-15

   3. HIV-Prevalence and Mortality in Relation to Type of Drug Abuse Among Drug Addicts in Stockholm 1981–1988

      • A. Annell, A. Fugelstad, G. Ågren

      Pages 16-22

   4. HIV-Related Drug Addict Deaths Outside Medical Institutions in Stockholm

      • A. Fugelstad, J. Rajs

      Pages 23-34

   5. HIV Infection in 403 Female Prostitutes in Italy

      • U. Tirelli, M. Spina, G. Rezza, E. Vaccher, F. Caprilli, M. Giuliani et al.

      Pages 35-39

   6. How to Explain the Low Figures of AIDS Cases Among Intravenous Drug Addicts in Belgium?

      • J.-P. Roussaux, J.-P. Jacques

      Pages 40-49

   7. Drug Addiction and AIDS in Republic of Croatia and Yugoslavia

      • S. Sakoman, A. Hećimović

      Pages 50-69

   8. Drug Abuse in Spain: Epidemiology, Policy and Health Structure

      • F. J. Alvarez, M. Carmen Del Rio

      Pages 70-79

   9. Drug Abuse and HIV-Infection in Poland

      • M. Staniaszek

      Pages 80-88

   10. HIV-1-Prevalence Among Drug Deaths in Germany

       • K. Püschel, F. Mohsenian

       Pages 89-96

   11. Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and AIDS in Drug Deaths

       • K. Trübner, S. Polywka, K. Püschel, R. Laufs

       Pages 97-101

   12. Monitoring of HIV-Spread in Regional Populations of Injecting Drug Users — the Berlin Experience

       • F. Bschor, R. Bornemann, CH. Borowski, V. Schneider

       Pages 102-109

   13. 5 Years Follow-up on Viennese Heroin Addicts

       • A. Uhl, A. Springer, F. Maritsch, V. Pfersmann

       Pages 110-116

   14. Antibody Prevalence of Parenterally Transmitted Viruses (HIV-1, HTLV-I, HBV, HCV) in Austrian Intravenous Drug Users

       • J. Pont, C. Neuwald, G. Salzner

       Pages 117-125

   15. Statistical Investigation on the Relation of Intravenous Drug Addiction and HIV-Infection. A Survey of the Years 1985 to 1989 by the Institute of Forensic Medicine in Vienna

       • D. Risser, W. Vycudilik, G. Bauer, Ch. Reiter

       Pages 126-131

   16. HIV-1 Infection Among Intravenous Drug Users in Vienna 1986–1991

       • N. Loimer, O. Presslich, E. Werner, G. Pakesch, E. Hollerer, V. Pfersmann et al.

       Pages 132-142

3. Methadone Treatment

   1. Opioid Receptors

      • H. Schmidhammer

      Pages 143-148

   2. Addiction Potential of Opiates in Medical Use

      • E. Beubler

      Pages 149-152

   3. Methadone Maintenance Treatment for Harm Reduction Approach to Heroin Addiction

      • M. J. Kreek

      Pages 153-177

AIDS and drug addiction is a topic of great and growing concern. AIDS first appeared among intravenous drug users in Europe in 1984, three years after the first cases were seen among homosexuals. This epidemic has spread more rapidly among intravenous drug users than in any other risk group. The high rates of HIV-1 seroprevalence among drug users in France, Italy, and Spain account for 85% of the total number of AIDS in intravenous drug users in Europe. It is anticipated that HIV-infected drug users will soon place a heavy burden on both drug treatment facilities and specialized health care units. The HIV-1 epidemic will also cross the former iron curtain. This contribution covers the wide and complex scene of drug problems and addiction as a whole. It gives researchers an opportunity to obtain background information on the spread of HIV and AIDS among intravenous drug users as well as on the clinical and psychological effects of HIV-1 infection and AIDS in Europe. The topics reviewed include surveys of intravenous drug use, HIV prevalence, detoxification, risk reduction, changing health behaviors, evaluating AIDS interventions and the impact of methadone maintenance treatment. This monograph will be of value to all clinicians, researchers, and policy makers who are concerned with the connection between intravenous drug use and AIDS.

• AIDS
• HIV
• Methadon
• antibody
• cocaine
• drug
• drug abuse
• epidemiology
• hepatitis
• infection
• intervention
• opioid
• prevention
• research
• toxicity

• Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Vienna, Austria

  Norbert Loimer, Rainer Schmid, Alfred Springer

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