Inflammation and Stroke

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xiii

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2. Introduction

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. New opportunities for stroke prevention and therapeutics: a hope from anti-inflammatory drugs?

      • Giora Z. Feuerstein, Xinkang Wang

      Pages 3-10

3. Inflammation in stroke and CNS trauma — experimental and clinical evidence

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 11-11

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   2. Clinical evidence of inflammation as a risk factor in ischemic stroke

      • Perttu J. Lindsberg

      Pages 13-26

   3. Inflammation as a risk factor for stroke: evidence from experimental models

      • Anna-Leena Sirén

      Pages 27-33

4. Inflammatory and immune responses to CNS injury: beneficial and detrimental components

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 35-35

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   2. Salutary effect of autoimmune T cells after central nervous system injury

      • Michal Schwartz

      Pages 37-48

   3. Traumatic brain injury: is head trauma an inflammatory disease?

      • Philipp M. Lenzlinger, Thomas Kossmann, Tracy K. McIntosh, Maria Cristina Morganti-Kossmann

      Pages 49-60

   4. Cyclic activation and inactivation of brain vessels involving inflammatory mediators — implications for stroke

      • Christl A. Ruetzler, John M. Hallenbeck

      Pages 61-73

5. Inflammatory cells in stroke

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 75-75

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   2. Do leukocytes play a role in focal ischemia in the brain? An objective review of the literature

      • Dwaine F. Emerich, Reginald L. Dean III, Raymond T. Bartus

      Pages 77-88

   3. The role of microglia in ischemic brain injury

      • Hiroyuki Kato

      Pages 89-99

   4. Inflammatory activation of brain cells by hypoxia: transcription factors and signaling pathways

      • Danica B. Stanimirovic

      Pages 101-111

6. Inflammatory cytokines, interleukins and chemokines in stroke and CNS trauma

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 113-113

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   2. Cytokine effects on CNS cells: implications for the pathogenesis and prevention of stroke

      • Mark F. Mehler, John A. Kessler

      Pages 115-139

   3. Interleukin-10 in cerebral ischemia and stroke

      • John R. Bethea, Ricardo Prado, W. Dalton Dietrich

      Pages 141-154

   4. Chemokines and ischemic stroke

      • Elaine E. Peters, Giora Z. Feuerstein

      Pages 155-162

   5. Biphasic activity of tumor necrosis factor in stroke and brain trauma: interaction with reactive oxygen species

      • Esther Shohami

      Pages 163-172

   6. Interleukin-1 and IL-1 receptor antagonist in stroke: mechanisms and potential therapeutics

      • Nancy J. Rothwell, Sarah A. Loddick

      Pages 173-180

Stroke is a leading cause of death in developed countries. However, current therapeutic strategies for stroke have been largely unsuccessful. One possible explanation is that research and pharmacological management have focused on very early events in brain ischemia. New research has shown that brain ischemia and trauma elicit strong inflammatory reactions driven by both external and brain cells. The recognition of inflammation as a fundamental response to brain ischemia provides novel opportunities for new anti-inflammatory therapies. For the first time, an international body of researchers presents the latest findings about the cellular and humoral aspects of immune and inflammatory reactions in the brain. The work may have an impact on the treatment of neuroinjuries and ancillary brain diseases, and increase the understanding of the roles infections and immune reactions play in the brain milieu.

• Inflammation research
• ancillary brain diseases
• brain
• cognition
• immunology
• inflammation
• neuroinjury
• research
• stroke
• trauma

• Cardiovascular Diseases Research Experimental Station, DuPont Pharmaceuticals Company, Wilmington, USA

  Giora Z. Feuerstein

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