Women, Work, and Health

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xx

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2. Sex Differences

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Gender Segregation in the Workplace

      • Eleanor E. Maccoby

      Pages 3-16

   3. Effects of Labor Force Participation on Sex Differences in Mortality and Morbidity

      • Ingrid Waldron

      Pages 17-38

   4. The Psychophysiology of Sex Differences as Related to Occupational Status

      • Marianne Frankenhaeuser

      Pages 39-61

3. Work and Family

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 63-63

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   2. The Forms of Women’s Work

      • Robert L. Kahn

      Pages 65-83

   3. Coping with Role Overload

      • Camille Wortman, Monica Biernat, Eric Lang

      Pages 85-110

   4. The Relationship between Women’s Work and Family Roles and Their Subjective Well-Being and Psychological Distress

      • Rosalind C. Barnett, Nancy L. Marshall

      Pages 111-136

4. Work Load and Cardiovascular Health

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 137-137

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   2. Women, Work-Related Stress, and Smoking

      • Margaret A. Chesney

      Pages 139-155

   3. The Effect of Job Demands, Job Control, and New Technologies on the Health of Employed Women

      • Suzanne G. Haynes

      Pages 157-169

   4. Occupational Stress and Blood Pressure

      • Thomas G. Pickering, Gary D. James, Peter L. Schnall, Yvette R. Schlussel, Carl F. Pieper, William Gerin et al.

      Pages 171-186

   5. On Cardiovascular Health in Women

      • Töres Theorell

      Pages 187-204

5. Interaction between Women’s Work and Reproductive Issues

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 205-205

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   2. Reproductive Technologies, Women’s Health, and Career Choices

      • Kerstin Hagenfeldt

      Pages 207-223

   3. Women, Work, and Menopause

      • Philip M. Sarrel

      Pages 225-237

   4. Premenstrual Distress

      • Aila Collins

      Pages 239-254

6. Conclusion

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 255-255

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   2. Summary and Implications for Future Research

      • Cary L. Cooper

      Pages 257-261

Until recently, studies of women's health received scant research attention in the context of the overall magnitude of research conducted on health. Even for health issues that affect both men and women, most research has been limited to male subjects, leaving a large gap in our knowledge base concerning women's health. Finally, the decade of the 1990s is ushering in a shift in this inequity. In 1990 the U.S. National Institutes of Health issued a compelling report citing the lack of sufficient research on women's health as a major gap in our knowledge, and a mandate has been issued to add women as study subjects in research or to document why they have not been included. Such directives will undoubtedly lead to a much-needed burgeoning of research activities in the area of women's health as we approach the twenty-first century. Despite limited research resources, however, there have been steady, scientifically rigorous voices in the wilderness for the last several years, and many of the best investigators are represented in this volume. These workers have led the vanguard in exploring psychosocial factors that are likely to differentially affect women's and men's health. For example, women and men engage in social roles that often differ, if not in quantity, then certainly in quality. Sex differences in role expectations, environmen­ tal qualities, role burdens related to the domains of work and family, and abilities to adapt to and cope with stressful situations may have a distinctive impact on health.

• attention
• health
• stress
• sexual behaviour

• Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden

  Marianne Frankenhaeuser, Ulf Lundberg

• Prevention Sciences Group, School od Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA

  Margaret Chesney

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