Vision and Displays for Military and Security Applications

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-x

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2. Creating Day and Night: Past, Present, and Future

   • Mary K. Kaiser

   Pages 1-11

3. Development of a DVI-Compatible VGA Projector Engine Based on Flexible Reflective Analog Modulators

   • Francis Picard, François Duchesne, Michel Jacob, Carl Larouche, Carl Vachon, Keith K. Niall

   Pages 13-26

4. Brightness and Contrast of Images with Laser-Based Video Projectors

   • Michel Doucet, Mélanie Leclerc, Francis Picard, Keith K. Niall

   Pages 27-48

5. Physics Based Simulation of Light Sources

   • Jeff Clark, Brad Colbert, Karl Mathia, Brett Chladny

   Pages 49-60

6. Integration of a Deployable CIGI-Based Image Generator in an Existing Simulation

   • Robert Wolfe, Tony Ghoman

   Pages 61-74

7. Advances in Scalable Generic Image Generator Technology for the Advanced Deployable Day/Night Simulation Project

   • Ray M. Obidowski, Rajesh Jha

   Pages 75-85

8. Detection Threshold of Visual Displacement in a Networked Flight Simulator

   • Christine M. Covas, James P. Gaska, George A. Geri, Megan E. Shamp, Byron J. Pierce

   Pages 87-96

9. Evaluation of the Spatial and Temporal Resolution of Digital Projectors for use in Full-Field Flight Simulation

   • James P. Gaska, George A. Geri, Marc D. Winterbottom, Byron J. Pierce

   Pages 97-109

10. A Spatial Cognition Paradigm to Assess the Impact of Night Vision Goggles on Way-Finding Performance

    • Michelle Gauthier, Avi Parush

    Pages 111-122

11. Psychophysics of Night Vision Device Halos

    • Robert S. Allison, Tracey Brandwood, Margarita Vinnikov, James E. Zacher, Sion Jennings, Todd Macuda et al.

    Pages 123-140

12. Effects of Screen Resolution and Training Variation on a Simulated Flight Control Task

    • Don C. Donderi, Keith K. Niall, Karyn Fish, Benjamin Goldstein

    Pages 141-161

13. Video-to-Reference Image Indexing

    • Vitaly Zholudev, Richard Wildes

    Pages 163-176

14. AVS LIDAR for Detecting Obstacles Inside Aerosol

    • Xiang Zhu, Philip Church, M. Labrie

    Pages 177-187

15. Back Matter

    Pages 189-212

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Realistic and immersive simulations of land, sea, and sky are requisite to the military use of visual simulation for mission planning. Until recently, the simulation of natural environments has been limited first of all by the pixel resolution of visual displays. Visual simulation of those natural environments has also been limited by the scarcity of detailed and accurate physical descriptions of them. Our aim has been to change all that. To this end, many of us have labored in adjacent fields of psych- ogy, engineering, human factors, and computer science. Our efforts in these areas were occasioned by a single question: how distantly can fast-jet pilots discern the aspect angle of an opposing aircraft, in visual simulation? This question needs some ela- ration: it concerns fast jets, because those simulations involve the representation of high speeds over wide swaths of landscape. It concerns pilots, since they begin their careers with above-average acuity of vision, as a population.And it concerns aspect angle, which is as much as to say that the three-dimensional orientation of an opposing aircraft relative to one’s own, as revealed by motion and solid form. v vi Preface The single question is by no means simple. It demands a criterion for eye-limiting resolution in simulation. That notion is a central one to our study, though much abused in general discussion. The question at hand, as it was posed in the 1990s, has been accompanied by others.

• Generator
• Laser
• Lidar
• Modulator
• analog
• modeling
• simulation

• First Secretary Defence, Defence Research & Development, Washington, U.S.A.

  Keith K. Niall

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