Philosophy and Logic in Central Europe from Bolzano to Tarski

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xiv

   PDF

2. Introduction: Central Europe in the History of Philosophy

   • Peter Simons

   Pages 1-11

3. Bolzano, Tarski, and the Limits of Logic

   • Peter Simons

   Pages 13-40

4. Brentano’s Reform of Logic

   • Peter Simons

   Pages 41-69

5. The Formalization of Husserl’s Theory of Wholes and Parts

   • Peter Simons

   Pages 71-116

6. Frege’s Theory of Real Numbers

   • Peter Simons

   Pages 117-141

7. The Anglo-Austrian Analytic Axis

   • Peter Simons

   Pages 143-158

8. On What There Isn’t: The Meinong—Russell Dispute

   • Peter Simons

   Pages 159-191

9. Lukasiewicz, Meinong, and Many-Valued Logic

   • Peter Simons

   Pages 193-225

10. On Understanding Leśniewski

    • Peter Simons

    Pages 227-258

11. A Brentanian Basis for Leśniewskian Logic

    • Peter Simons

    Pages 259-269

12. Leśniewski’s Logic and Its Relations to Classical and Free logics

    • Peter Simons

    Pages 271-293

13. A Semantics for Ontology

    • Peter Simons

    Pages 295-318

14. The Old Problem of Complex and Fact

    • Peter Simons

    Pages 319-338

15. Tractatus Mereologico-Philosophicus?

    • Peter Simons

    Pages 339-359

16. Wittgenstein, Schlick and the a Priori

    • Peter Simons

    Pages 361-376

17. Categories and Ways of Being

    • Peter Simons

    Pages 377-394

18. Back Matter

    Pages 395-445

    PDF

ways of doing it, but it is wrong to project it far into the past: it did not exist at the turn of the century and only became clearly apparent after the Second World War. I recently taught at an American university on the his­ tory of philosophy from Balzano to Husserl. The course title had to come from a fixed pool and gave trouble. Was it philosophical logic, the nine­ teenth century, or phenomenology? A logic title would connote over this period Frege, Russell, Carnap, perhaps a mention of Boole: not continental enough. The nineteenth century? The century of Kant's successors: Fichte, Hegel, Schopenhauer, Feuer bach, Marx, Nietzsche? What have they to do with Balzano, Lotze, Brentano, Meinong, Husserl and Twardowski? Even­ tually 'Phenomenology' was chosen, misdescribing more than half of the course. That illustrates the problems one faces in trying to work against the picture of the period which is ingrained in minds and syllabuses. This book arises from my efforts to combat that picture. I backed into writing about the history of recent philosophy rather than setting out to do so. The beginning was chance. In Manchester in the early seventies, at a time when most English philosophy departments breathed re­ cycled Oxford air, the intellectual atmosphere derived from Cambridge and Warsaw, spiced with a breath of Freiburg and Paris.

• Ludwig Wittgenstein
• history of philosophy
• logic
• ontology

• University of Salzburg, Austria

  Peter Simons

Policies and ethics