Nutritional Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xxii

   PDF

2. A Historical Review of Low-Protein Diets

   • S. Giovannetti

   Pages 1-4

3. Chronic Renal Failure: Definition, Causes, and Assessment

   • S. Giovannetti, N. Gretz

   Pages 5-12

4. Adaptation of Remnant Nephrons

   • S. Klahr, K. Harris

   Pages 13-20

5. Causes of Progression of Renal Disease

   • S. Klahr, K. Harris

   Pages 21-27

6. The Uremic Syndrome: Definition, Diagnosis, Causes of Signs and Symptoms, Complications

   • S. Giovannetti

   Pages 29-32

7. Uremic Toxins

   • G. Barsotti

   Pages 33-40

8. Abnormalities of Amino Acid Metabolism

   • A. Tizianello, G. De Ferrari

   Pages 41-49

9. Abnormalities of Lipid Metabolism

   • P.-O. Attman, A. Gustafson

   Pages 51-59

10. Abnormalities of Carbohydrate Metabolism

    • E. Ferrannini, R. A. Defronzo

    Pages 61-72

11. Sodium, Potassium, and Hydrogen Ions in Chronic Renal Failure

    • Q. Maggiore, C. Zoccali

    Pages 73-82

12. Abnormalities of Calcium, Phosphate, and Magnesium Metabolism

    • E. Ritz, O. Mehls

    Pages 83-94

13. Neurological Complications of the Uremic Syndrome

    • P. Cappelli, B. Di Paolo, A. Albertazzi

    Pages 95-99

14. Hormonal Derangements in Chronic Renal Failure

    • F. Ciardella

    Pages 101-109

15. The Uremic Syndrome as Modified by Replacement of Renal Function

    • D. N. S. Kerr

    Pages 111-125

16. Iatrogenic Factors Contributing to Cause Uremic Manifestations

    • G. M. Berlyne, A. J. Adler, R. Barth

    Pages 127-131

17. The Assessment of Nutritional State

    • G. F. Guarnieri, G. Toigo, R. Situlin, G. Tamaro, V. Giuliani

    Pages 133-145

18. Nutritional Management in Animals with Chronic Renal Failure

    • N. Gretz, E. Meisinger, J. Lasserre, M. Strauch

    Pages 147-161

19. The Purpose and Rationale of Nutritional Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure

    • S. Giovannetti

    Pages 163-171

20. Indications and Contraindications for Nutritional Therapy in Chronic Renal Failure

    • S. Giovannetti

    Pages 173-177

Enormous progress has been made in the treatment of chronic renal failure over the last decades. Until the 1950s, chronic renal failure was considered to be an inexorably lethal condition. This is no longer the case. In addition, the disease, severe uremic syndrome, is now extremely rare, if existent at all, in industrialized countries. Physicians of my generation who saw patients hospitalized with hemor­ raghes, pericarditis, severe anemia, cardiac failure, "malignant hypertension," pruritus, vomiting, generalized edema, and convulsions are particularly grate­ ful for this progress. I well remember seeing such patients hospitalized in the last days or weeks of their lives and also remember the sense of impotence I suffered for the com­ plete lack of efficient measures I had at my disposal to manage their condition. Nowadays, hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation allow patients with chronic renal failure to survive for very long periods of time in a satisfactory condition. Why then is there still a sense of dissatisfaction and why should we study dietary management? The drawbacks of dialysis and transplantation are the main reasons, but the certainty that dietary therapy is complementary to dialysis and even better than dialysis in certain conditions, is also very important.

• assessment
• blood
• diagnosis
• dialysis
• hemodialysis
• hospital
• hypertension
• impotence
• kidney
• management
• metabolism
• minerals
• renal failure
• therapy
• transplantation

• Clinica Medica I°, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

  Sergio Giovannetti

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