The Aging Kidney in Health and Disease

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XXII

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2. Holistic Approach to the Geriatric Patient: Geriatric Evaluation

   • David Galinsky, Roberto Kaplan, Tzvi Dwolatzky

   Pages 1-18

3. Incidence of Renal Diseases in an Acute Geriatric Unit

   • Cristina Alonso Bouzón, Gonzalo Bravo Fernández de Araoz, Francisco Guillén Llera

   Pages 19-37

4. Anatomical Changes in the Aging Kidney

   • Xin J. Zhou, Zoltan G. Laszik, Fred G. Silva

   Pages 39-54

5. Biology of the Aging Process and Its Clinical Consequences

   • Juan-Florencio Macìas-Núñez, José-Manuel Ribera Casado, Mónica de la Fuente del Rey, Gustavo Barja Quiroga, Jesus A.F. Tresguerres, Carmen Ariznavarreta et al.

   Pages 55-91

6. Physiology of the Healthy Aging Kidney

   • Juan-Florencio Macías-Núñez, José M. López-Novoa

   Pages 93-112

7. The Mechanisms of Age-Associated Glomerular Sclerosis

   • José M. López-Novoa

   Pages 113-126

8. Endothelial Function in the Healthy Aged

   • Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas, Mariam El Assar De La Fuente, Marta Castro Rodríguez

   Pages 127-139

9. Renal Handling of Water and Electrolytes in the Old and Old-Old Healthy Aged

   • Carlos G. Musso, Juan-Florencio Macías-Núñez

   Pages 141-154

10. Renal Handling of Uric Acid, Magnesium,Phosphorus, Calcium, and Acid Base in the Elderly

    • Carlos G. Musso, Joaquin Antonio Alwvarez Gregori, Juan-Florencio Macías-Núñez

    Pages 155-171

11. Dysnatremias: Diagnosis and Treatment

    • Steven Achinger, Juan Carlos Ayus

    Pages 173-198

12. Hypertension in the Elderly

    • José A. Garcia-Donaire, José Luís Rodicio Díaz, Luis M. Ruilope

    Pages 199-207

13. The Renin-Angiotensin System and the Aging Process

    • Léon Ferder, Manuel Martinez-Maldonado

    Pages 209-230

14. Prevention of Chronic Renal Diseases in the Elderly

    • Sanjib Kumar Sharma, Norberto Perico, Piero Ruggenenti, Giuseppe Remuzzi

    Pages 231-255

15. Obstructive Uropathy and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

    • Gerasimos Alivizatos, Andreas Skolarikos

    Pages 257-272

16. Urinary Tract Infection

    • Lindsay E. Nicolle

    Pages 273-292

17. Incontinence in the Elderly

    • Michael Ingber, Pradeep Nagaraju, Ananias Diokno

    Pages 293-305

18. The Diagnosis of Renal Diseases in Elderly Patients. What Role Is There for Biopsy?

    • Franco Vendemia

    Pages 307-327

19. Diabetic Nephropathy

    • Alessia Fornoni, Carlos Leon, Leopoldo Raij

    Pages 329-346

20. Renal Cystic Disease in the Elderly

    • Roser Torra Balcells

    Pages 347-372

It is a great pleasure to respond to the invitation to write a foreword for this book. With a worldwide increase in an aging population, the practice of medicine is increasingly focused on elderly patients with chronic diseases and episodic acute exacerbations rather than the previous model of acute disease management only. As nephrologists around the world deal with millions of elderly individuals, many of whom are classified as suffering from chronic kidney disease in stages 2–5, they are, of necessity, practicing geriatrics without specific training or previous exposure in this field. Therefore, most nephrologists, as well as dealing with new types of clinical presentations, and geriatric evaluation tools, will face the difficulties of reaching the treatment targets specific to geriatric patients. These geriatric targets include, in addition to the usual diagnosis and medical or surgical treatment for young adults, the recuperation of the ability to perform activities of daily living, which are often partially or totally lost in renal disease. Apart from these clinical difficulties, physicians will also face enormous ethical challenges. These issues are clearly dealt with by geriatricians and nephrologists. Improvements in care and advancing clinical knowledge will enable us to delineate more clearly those changes that are due to aging as opposed to those changes due to disease. This book provides an important step in further clarifying and quantifying the differences between an aging and a diseased kidney.

• aging
• ethics
• geriatrics
• hypertension
• renal disease

From the reviews:

"This book attempts to consolidate the different aspects of chronic kidney disease/end stage renal disease (CKD/ESRD) management with the corresponding aspects of geriatrics. … The target audience would include essentially any healthcare provider who deals with the geriatric population. This could be a physician, nurse practitioner, physician’s assistant, medical student, etc. The book is easy to read for every one of these practitioners." (Kevin C Harned, Doody’s Review Service, May, 2008)

"Whether in health or in disease, age affects many parts of the body – including the kidneys – and this book, The Aging Kidney in Health and Disease, delves deeply into these matters in a well-organized and readable fashion. It gives readers an overview of the physiology and pathology of the kidney during the aging process. … will serve as a multidisciplinary guide for general physicians, internists, nephrologists, and geriatricians who want to improve their knowledge of geriatric nephrology." (Jane F. Reckelhoff and Julio C. Sartori-Valinotti, The New England Journal of Medicine, July, 2008)

"A multiauthored text written by renowned experts and researchers in the fields of geriatrics, urology, nephrology and hypertension, and physiology. It is intended for physicians and clinicians as well as for various other members of the allied health sciences who have a particular interest in diseases involving the genitourinary tract in elderly individuals. … will be of utmost interest to clinicians as well as other members of the allied health field who care for elderly patients with diseases involving the kidneys and urinary tract." (Edgar V. Lerma, JAMA, October, 2008)

"Many international authors have participated in writing this book, as the editors identify, to provide the readers with a holistic perspective of geriatric nephrology. … I strongly recommend this book to any member of the multidisciplinary team for use as a resource in the management of the ever-expanding older population that will require renal care." (Fiona Murphy, Journal of Renal Care, Vol. 35 (1), 2009)

“The Aging Kidney in Health and Disease is a timely publication that brings together experts in the field of nephrology with geriatrics, pathology, pharmacology and urology to help educate those less familiar with the issues facing the aging patient. … ideal for all health professionals working in renal disease who would like a greater understanding of the needs of the elderly patient. It is also suitable for those not in the field of nephrology … .” (Journal of Renal Nursing, Vol. 1 (4), November, 2009)

• Departamento de Medicina, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain

  Juan F. MachasNúñez

• Guy’s King’s and St. Thomas’ School of Medicine King’s College, London, UK

  J. Stewart Cameron

• Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada

  Dimitrios G. Oreopoulos

Policies and ethics