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Societies around the world are facing the paradoxal epidemic development of prostate cancer (PCa) as a non-communicable disease. PCa is the most frequently diagnosed cancer for men in several countries such as the USA. Permanently improving diagnostics and treatments in the PCa management causes an impressive divergence between, on one hand, permanently increasing numbers of diagnosed PCa cases and, on the other hand, stable or even slightly decreasing mortality rates. 

The article summarises knowledge accumulated in regard to the PCa-relevant non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors, highlights current deficits in PCa managements and presents innovative solutions in the context of predictive, preventive and personalised (3P) medicine.

SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) measures weighted citations received by the journal. Citation weighting depends on subject field and prestige (SJR) of the citing journal. The 2019 SJR for EPMA Journal is 1.263.

Source-Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) measures actual citations received relative to citations expected for the journal’s subject field. SNIP especially considers the frequency at which authors cite other papers in their reference lists, the speed at which citation impact matures and the extent to which the database used in the assessment covers the field’s literature. The 2019 SNIP for EPMA Journal is 1.469.

Dr. Golubnitschaja is the head of the world's first Predictive, Preventive and Personalised (3P) Medicine unit at the Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Germany.