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The History and Future of Technology

Can Technology Save Humanity from Extinction?

  • Book
  • © 2021

Overview

  • Along the way, you will consider

  • If the human race can survive without fossil fuels

  • If we can decarbonize completely

  • If we can stabilize the global climate before it is too late

  • If solar and wind power alone can be self-sufficient

  • If we will need conventional nuclear power

  • If our descendants in 2120 will have thermonuclear fusion

  • If our descendants in 2120 will ride in private automobiles

  • If nuclear families will live in private suburban houses

  • If there is a viable technological strategy to recovering biological diversity

  • What technologies can protect us from future mutant viruses

  • If artificial intelligence will permit robots to become our future masters

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Table of contents (27 chapters)

  1. Before the Industrial Revolution

  2. The Age of Fossile Fuels

  3. Information Age

Keywords

About this book

Eminent physicist and economist, Robert Ayres, examines the history of technology as a change agent in society, focusing on societal roots rather than technology as an autonomous, self-perpetuating phenomenon. With rare exceptions, technology is developed in response to societal needs that have evolutionary roots and causes. In our genus Homo, language evolved in response to a need for our ancestors to communicate, both in the moment, and to posterity. A band of hunters had no chance in competition with predators that were larger and faster without this type of organization, which eventually gave birth to writing and music. The steam engine did not leap fully formed from the brain of James Watt. It evolved from a need to pump water out of coal mines, driven by a need to burn coal instead of firewood, in turn due to deforestation. Later, the steam engine made machines and mechanization possible. Even quite simple machines increased human productivity by a factor of hundreds, if not thousands. That was the Industrial Revolution. 

If we count electricity and the automobile as a second industrial revolution, and the digital computer as the beginning of a third, the world is now on the cusp of a fourth revolution led by microbiology. These industrial revolutions have benefited many in the short term, but devastated the Earth’s ecosystems. Can technology save the human race from the catastrophic consequences of its past success? That is the question this book will try to answer.

Authors and Affiliations

  • Emeritus Professor of Economics, Political Science, Technology Management, Novartis Chair Emeritus, INSEAD, Fontainebleau, France

    Robert U. Ayres

About the author

Professor Ayres holds a PhD in Mathematical Physics from Kings College, University of London, a MSc in Physics from the University of Maryland and a BA, BSc from the University of Chicago. He is currently Emeritus Professor of Economics and Political Science and of Technology and Operations Management at INSEAD, the international graduate business school.


He joined INSEAD in 1992, becoming the first Sandoz (now Novartis) Chair of Management and the Environment, as well as the founder of CMER, Center for the Management of Environmental Resources. He directed CMER from 1992-2000. Since retirement he has been a visiting professor at Chalmers Institute of Technology in Sweden (where he was also a King's Professor) and Institute Scholar at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) in Austria. He remains active, producing publications on topics ranging from Industrial Metabolism and Industrial Ecology, through Environmental Policy and Environmental Economics, to Energy. Professor Ayres is the author or coauthor of 21 books, most recently including The Economic Growth Engine (2009, with Benjamin Warr), Crossing the Energy Divide (2009, with Edward Ayres) and Bubble Economy (2014), Energy, Complexity and Wealth Maximization (2018) and “On Capitalism and Inequality” (2020).

Bibliographic Information

  • Book Title: The History and Future of Technology

  • Book Subtitle: Can Technology Save Humanity from Extinction?

  • Authors: Robert U. Ayres

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71393-5

  • Publisher: Springer Cham

  • eBook Packages: Physics and Astronomy, Physics and Astronomy (R0)

  • Copyright Information: The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021

  • Hardcover ISBN: 978-3-030-71392-8Published: 28 July 2021

  • Softcover ISBN: 978-3-030-71395-9Published: 29 July 2022

  • eBook ISBN: 978-3-030-71393-5Published: 27 July 2021

  • Edition Number: 1

  • Number of Pages: XVIII, 830

  • Number of Illustrations: 69 b/w illustrations, 217 illustrations in colour

  • Topics: History of Technology, Applied and Technical Physics, Natural Resource and Energy Economics

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