Organic Xenobiotics and Plants

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-viii

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2. Principles of Transport, Deposition and Uptake

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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3. PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORT, DEPOSITION AND UPTAKE

   1. Plant Uptake of Xenobiotics

      • Chris D. Collins, Ian Martin, William Doucette

      Pages 3-16

   2. Haloorganics in Temperate Forest Ecosystems: Sources, Transport and Degradation

      • Nicholas Clarke, Milan Gryndler, Hans-Holger Liste, Reiner Schroll, Peter Schröder, Miroslav Matucha

      Pages 17-45

   3. Semivolatiles in the Forest Environment: The Case of PAHs

      • Claudio A. Belis, Ivo Offenthaler, Peter Weiss

      Pages 47-73

4. Case Studies

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 75-75

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5. CASE STUDIES

   1. A Case Study: Uptake and Accumulation of Persistent Organic Pollutants in Cucurbitaceae Species

      • András Bittsánszky, Gábor Gullner, Gábor Gyulai, Tamas Komives

      Pages 77-85

   2. Trichloroacetic Acid in the Forest Ecosystem

      • Miroslav Matucha, Peter Schröder

      Pages 87-103

   3. Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Switzerland Related to Long-Range Transboundary Transport – Results of a Case Study with Special Emphasis on the Spatial Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic and Chlorinated Air Borne Pollutants

      • Rolf Herzig, Christoph Bieri, Andreas Weber, Peter Straehl

      Pages 105-121

6. Pollutant Degradation and Ecosystem Remediation from Enzymes to Whole Plants

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 123-123

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7. POLLUTANT DEGRADATION AND ECOSYSTEM REMEDIATION FROM ENZYMES TO WHOLE PLANTS

   1. New Perspectives on the Metabolism and Detoxification of Synthetic Compounds in Plants

      • Robert Edwards, David P. Dixon, Ian Cummins, Melissa Brazier-Hicks, Mark Skipsey

      Pages 125-148

   2. Using Plants to Remove Foreign Compounds from Contaminated Water and Soil

      • Jean-Paul Schwitzguébel, Valérie Page, Susete Martins-Dias, Luísa C. Davies, Galina Vasilyeva, Elena Strijakova

      Pages 149-189

   3. Biodegradation of Organic Xenobiotic Pollutants in the Rhizosphere

      • Hassan Azaizeh, Paula M. L. Castro, Petra Kidd

      Pages 191-215

   4. Bioindicators and Biomonitors: Use of Organisms to Observe the Influence of Chemicals on the Environment

      • Bernd Markert, Simone Wünschmann

      Pages 217-236

   5. SAR Based Computational Models as Decision Making Tools in Bioremediation

      • Nick Price, Qasim Chaudhry

      Pages 237-259

   6. State-of-the-Art Chemical Analyses: Xenobiotics, Plant Proteomics, and Residues in Plant Based Products

      • Touradj Solouki, Mohammad Ali Khalvati, Mahsan Miladi, Behrooz Zekavat

      Pages 261-306

8. Back Matter

   Pages 307-311

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Natural and agro-ecosystems are frequently exposed to natural or synthetic substances, which, while they have no direct nutritional value or significance in metabolism, may negatively affect plant functioning. These, xenobiotics, may originate from both natural (fires, volcano eruptions, soil or rock erosion, biodegradation) and anthropogenic (air and soil pollution, herbicides) sources. And, while affected plants have only a limited number of possibilities for avoiding accumulation of these compounds, they do exhibit several enzymatic reactions for detoxification including oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis and conjugation reactions. In agro-ecosystems in particular these mechanisms have great significance in relation to herbicide detoxification and tolerance. In this volume an international group of experts present an overview of the nature and distribution of organic xenobiotics, including their uptake, effects on plant functioning and detoxification mechanisms. The particular significance of glutathione S-transferases in bio-indication and bio-monitoring, and in the detoxification of volatile organic air pollutants and herbicides is evaluated, and their potential significance in phytoremediation and bioaccumulation will be discussed. This volume will be of interest to a wide audience, from graduate students to senior researchers in a wide range of disciplines including plant ecology, plant biochemistry, agriculture and environmental management. It will also be of practical interest to environmentalists, policy makers and resource managers.

• Biomonitoring
• Ecotoxicology
• Organic pollutants
• Plant detoxification mechanisms
• Plant uptake

• Inst. Biochem. Pflanzenphys., GSF-Forschungszentrum, Oberschleißheim, Germany

  Peter Schröder

• School of Human and Environmental Scienc, Department of Soil Science, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom

  Christopher D. Collins

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