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The Geography of Trade Liberalization

Peru’s Free Trade Continuity in Comparative Perspective

  • Book
  • © 2023

Overview

Authors:
  1. Omar Awapara

    1. Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, UPC, Lima, Peru

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  • Answers why anti-trade forces in developing countries sometimes fail to effectively exert pressure on their governments
  • Uses evidence from three Latin American countries
  • Written by Omar Awapara Franco

Part of the book series: Latin American Political Economy (LAPE)

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Table of contents (6 chapters)

  1. Front Matter

    Pages i-xvi
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  2. Introduction

    • Omar Awapara
    Pages 1-23

  3. A Geography-Based Theory of Trade Policy

    • Omar Awapara
    Pages 25-89

  4. The Regional Impact of Free Trade: An Empirical Analysis

    • Omar Awapara
    Pages 91-132

  5. Trade-Related Protests in Post-reform Latin America

    • Omar Awapara
    Pages 133-176

  6. Geography and Trade Reform in Latin America

    • Omar Awapara
    Pages 177-220

  7. Conclusion

    • Omar Awapara
    Pages 221-239

  8. Back Matter

    Pages 241-244
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Keywords

About this book

This book answers why anti-trade forces in developing countries sometimes fail to effectively exert pressure on their governments. The backlash against globalization spread across several Latin American countries in the 2000s, yet a few countries such as Peru doubled down on their bets on free trade by signing bilateral agreements with the US and the EU. This study uses evidence from three Latin American countries (Peru, Argentina, and Bolivia) to suggest that geography can play a significant role in shaping trade preferences and undermining the formation and clout of distributional coalitions that seek protectionism. Because trade liberalization can have uneven distributional impacts along regional lines, trade liberalization losers can find themselves in unfavorable conditions to associate and engage in collective action. Under these circumstances, few coalitions emerge to battle for protection in the policy arena, and when they do, geographic distance from decision-makers in the capital city can be a significant barrier to realizing their interests. As a result, even where a majority of the population living in regions that have not benefitted from trade elect a leftist president, trade reform reversal will not occur unless protectionist interests are close to the capital city. The contrast between Peru, on one side, and Argentina and Bolivia, on the other, highlights the powerful influence geography can have on reversing trade policy or preserving the status quo.

Authors and Affiliations

  • Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, UPC, Lima, Peru

    Omar Awapara

About the author

Omar Awapara is Director of Political Science at UPC (Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas) and Global Instructor at the University of Arizona, the USA.

Bibliographic Information

  • Book Title: The Geography of Trade Liberalization

  • Book Subtitle: Peru’s Free Trade Continuity in Comparative Perspective

  • Authors: Omar Awapara

  • Series Title: Latin American Political Economy

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23420-0

  • Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan Cham

  • eBook Packages: Political Science and International Studies, Political Science and International Studies (R0)

  • Copyright Information: The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023

  • Hardcover ISBN: 978-3-031-23419-4Published: 02 January 2023

  • Softcover ISBN: 978-3-031-23422-4Published: 03 January 2024

  • eBook ISBN: 978-3-031-23420-0Published: 01 January 2023

  • Series ISSN: 2945-7076

  • Series E-ISSN: 2945-7084

  • Edition Number: 1

  • Number of Pages: XVI, 244

  • Number of Illustrations: 3 b/w illustrations

  • Topics: International Relations, Globalization

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