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Death Determination by Neurologic Criteria

Areas of Consensus and Controversy

  • Book
  • © 2022

Overview

Editors:
  1. Ariane Lewis

    1. NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, USA

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  2. James L. Bernat

    1. Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, USA

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  • Provides a comprehensive view of controversies and consensus in determination of death by neurological criteria
  • Helps to understand underlying issues and conceptual, medical and legal basis for the debates
  • Appeals to a multidisciplinary audience and written by diverse group of authors

Part of the book series: Advances in Neuroethics (AIN)

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Table of contents (35 chapters)

  1. Front Matter

    Pages i-vii
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  2. Historical Introduction

    • James L. Bernat, Ariane Lewis
    Pages 1-7

  3. Conceptual Issues

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 9-9
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    2. Arguments Supporting Neurologic Criteria to Determine Death

      • James L. Bernat
      Pages 11-26

    3. Arguments Rejecting Neurologic Criteria to Determine Death

      • D. Alan Shewmon
      Pages 27-49

    4. Arguments Supporting the Whole-Brain Criterion

      • Michael A. Rubin, Ranier Reyes
      Pages 51-60

    5. Arguments Supporting the Brainstem Criterion

      • Dale Gardiner, Andrew McGee
      Pages 61-81

    6. What Provisions Belong in a Statute on the Determination of Death by Neurologic Criteria?

      • Alexander Morgan Capron
      Pages 83-101

    7. Preserved Hypothalamic Function Is Not Consistent with the Whole-Brain Criterion for Death

      • Michael Nair-Collins
      Pages 103-115

    8. Preserved Hypothalamic Function Does Not Preclude Determination of Death by Neurologic Criteria

      • Ian Thomas, Alex R. Manara
      Pages 117-127

    9. Does Death Determination by Neurologic Criteria Require Irreversible or Permanent Cessation of Brain Functions?

      • Andrew McGee, Dale Gardiner
      Pages 129-155

  4. Medical Issues

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 157-157
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    2. Intra/International Variability in the Determination of Death by Neurologic Criteria

      • Ali Daneshmand, David Greer
      Pages 159-168

    3. Overcoming Challenges in the Determination of Death by Neurologic Criteria in Pediatric Patients

      • Matthew P. Kirschen, Wynne Morrison
      Pages 169-181

    4. Arguments in Favor of Requiring the Absence of Brain Circulation to Determine Death by Neurologic Criteria

      • Nathaniel M. Robbins
      Pages 183-192

    5. Arguments Opposing the Requirement to Demonstrate Absence of Brain Circulation to Determine Death by Neurologic Criteria

      • Joel Neves Briard, Michaël Chassé
      Pages 193-201

    6. Reports of “Recovery” from Death by Neurologic Criteria

      • Christos Lazaridis, Fernando D. Goldenberg
      Pages 203-211

    7. Observation Time Prior to Determination of Death by Neurologic Criteria

      • Jeanne Teitelbaum, Murdoch Leeies
      Pages 213-222

    8. Temperature Considerations in the Determination of Death by Neurologic Criteria

      • Jeffrey M. Singh, Andrew J. Baker
      Pages 223-232

    9. How Many Evaluations Are Required to Determine Death by Neurologic Criteria?

      • Panayiotis N. Varelas
      Pages 233-244
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Keywords

About this book

This book presents principal controversies over the determination of death by neurologic criteria (“brain death”). The editors and authors are exceedingly well-versed in this subject and are on the forefront of the current debates. The content is divided in the following disciplinary: philosophical (conceptual), medical, scientific, legal, religious, and ethical/social. Many of the topics feature pro-con debates, allowing readers to consider the merits of the arguments and decide their own position. The work is targeted to clinicians and nurses who treat critically ill and dying patients, organ donation personnel, ethicists and philosophers who write on end-of-life issues, and lawyers and legislative/public policy professionals who draft laws on death determination. It identifies and debates the essential controversies currently raging in academic and public policy circles over the medical adequacy, scientific validity, and conceptual coherence of death determination by neurologic criteria. Whether a professional or a student, the reader will be given a comprehensive course in the most pressing controversies and areas of consensus in the determination of death by neurologic criteria.

Editors and Affiliations

  • NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, USA

    Ariane Lewis

  • Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, USA

    James L. Bernat

About the editors

Dr. Ariane Lewis is Professor of Neurology and Neurosurgery and the Director of Neurocritical Care at NYU Langone Medical Center.  She served on the Steering Committee for the World Brain Death Project. She was an observer on the Uniform Law Commission Study Committee and Drafting Committee on Updating the Uniform Determination of Death Act and an International Advisor to the Canadian Critical Care Society Definition and Determination of Death Committee.  She was Past-Chair of the Neurocritical Care Society Ethics Committee and is a member of the American Academy of Neurology Ethics, Law and Humanities Committee and the American Academy of Neurology Brain Death Working Group. She was recognized as a Fellow of the American Academy of Neurology and a Fellow of the Neurocritical Care Society for her clinical and scholarly leadership in neurology and neurocritical care.

James L. Bernat, M.D. is Professor of Neurology, Active Emeritus at the Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine where he has been Professor for 33 years. Formerly, he was the Louis and Ruth Frank Professor of Neuroscience at Dartmouth. He is the former Chair of the American Academy of Neurology Ethics, Law & Humanities Committee. He is a fellow of the American College of Physicians, the American Academy of Neurology, the American Neurological Association, and the Hastings Center. He served as an observer on the Uniform Law Commission Study Committee and Drafting Committee to update the Uniform Determination of Death Act. His principal book is Ethical Issues in Neurology, 3rd ed. (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008). Over the past 40 years, he has authored numerous articles and chapters on death determination by neurological criteria and the definition of death.

Bibliographic Information

  • Book Title: Death Determination by Neurologic Criteria

  • Book Subtitle: Areas of Consensus and Controversy

  • Editors: Ariane Lewis, James L. Bernat

  • Series Title: Advances in Neuroethics

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15947-3

  • Publisher: Springer Cham

  • eBook Packages: Medicine, Medicine (R0)

  • Copyright Information: The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022

  • Hardcover ISBN: 978-3-031-15946-6Published: 02 January 2023

  • Softcover ISBN: 978-3-031-15949-7Published: 03 January 2024

  • eBook ISBN: 978-3-031-15947-3Published: 01 January 2023

  • Series ISSN: 2522-5677

  • Series E-ISSN: 2522-5685

  • Edition Number: 1

  • Number of Pages: VII, 498

  • Topics: Neurology, Neurosurgery, Health Care Management, Nursing Ethics, Philosophy, general, Social Sciences, general

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