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Smelter Grade Alumina from Bauxite

History, Best Practices, and Future Challenges

  • Book
  • © 2022

Overview

Editors:
  1. Benny E. Raahauge

    1. FLSmidth A/S, General Manager–Pyro& Alumina Technology, Valby, Denmark

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    You can also search for this editor in PubMed   Google Scholar

  2. Fred S. Williams

    1. Retired Alcoa, Longmont, USA

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    You can also search for this editor in PubMed   Google Scholar

  • Includes a historical summary outlining future challenges and developments
  • Provides a wealth of example calculations, rules of thumb, useful illustrations, tables, and formulas
  • Written by industry experts for a broad audience working in plants, engineering offices, refineries, and smelters

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Materials Science (SSMATERIALS, volume 320)

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Table of contents (14 chapters)

  1. Front Matter

    Pages i-xxiii
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  2. Introduction: Primary Aluminum–Alumina–Bauxite

    • Benny E. Raahauge, Fred S. Williams
    Pages 1-17

  3. Bauxite: Geology, Mineralogy, Resources, Reserves and Beneficiation

    • George Komlóssy, Caio van Deursen, Benny E. Raahauge
    Pages 19-132

  4. Physical Bauxite Processing: Crushing and Grinding of Bauxite

    • Michael Wanyo, Anthony T. Filidore, Benny E. Raahauge
    Pages 133-155

  5. Chemical Processing of Bauxite: Alumina and Silica Minerals—Chemistry, Kinetics and Reactor Design

    • György (George) Bánvölgyi, Brady Haneman
    Pages 157-239

  6. Liquid–Solid Separation: De-Sanding—Flocculation, Sedimentation and Liquor Filtration

    • Manfred Bach, Fred Schoenbrunn
    Pages 241-267

  7. Bauxite Residue/Red Mud

    • Quentin D. Avery, Manfred Bach, Stephan Beaulieu, David Cooling, Ken Evans, Fred Schoenbrunn, PE
    Pages 269-338

  8. Hydrate Precipitation, Classification and Filtration

    • Dennis R. Audet, Manfred Bach, Benny E. Raahauge
    Pages 339-373

  9. Bayer Process Impurities and Their Management

    • Steven J. Healy
    Pages 375-426

  10. Bayer Process—Water and Energy Balance

    • Robert LaMacchia, Raphael Costa
    Pages 427-504

  11. Production of Smelter Grade Alumina (SGA) by Calcination

    • Benny E. Raahauge
    Pages 505-576

  12. Alumina Quality, HF Removal, Dissolution and Aluminum Purity

    • Stephen J. Lindsay, Pascal Lavoie
    Pages 577-648

  13. Alumina Storage and Handling

    • Carsten Duwe
    Pages 649-678

  14. Health, Safety and Emissions to the Environment from Alumina Refineries

    • Brady Haneman, Benny E. Raahauge
    Pages 679-719

  15. Economics of Smelter Grade Alumina Projects

    • Peter-Hans ter Weer
    Pages 721-844
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Keywords

About this book

This book provides a comprehensive review of the production of smelter grade alumina from bauxite ores. It emphasizes the best practices applied in the industry today but seen in a historical context with a view to future challenges and developments. The control of alumina quality is discussed in detail including the effects that alumina quality have  on the aluminum smelter process with respect to environmental performance, current efficiency, and metal purity. The discussion of alumina quality will be relevant to people on the smelter side, as this is the interface between refinery and smelter. Emphasis is placed on the major steps of the Bayer Process including: digestion, clarification, precipitation, calcination, and management of water, energy, and bauxite residue. This book is a valuable resource for active, seasoned practitioners and for new engineers entering the industry.

Editors and Affiliations

  • FLSmidth A/S, General Manager–Pyro& Alumina Technology, Valby, Denmark

    Benny E. Raahauge

  • Retired Alcoa, Longmont, USA

    Fred S. Williams

About the editors

The Co-Editors of this book have a slightly different perspective on the recovery of alumina from bauxite.  Benny and Fred received their technical training as MS Chemical engineers.

Benny Raahauge was employed by FL Schmidt and thus represented a manufacturer and seller of equipment used in that industry. 


Fred Williams was employed by Alcoa and was assigned management responsibilities in alumina processing research, plant process engineering and running plant production. 


Both individuals have conceived technical improvements to the alumina recovery process as recognized by patents and technical awards, written and presented numerous papers at international technical meetings and have served as chairmen and organizers of international technical sessions.

The authors of the individual chapters in this book are noteworthy experts from around the world in alumina manufacturing and researchtechnology.

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