G Protein Signaling Mechanisms in the Retina

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-viii

   PDF

2. Introduction: G-Protein Signaling in the Retina

   • Kirill A. Martemyanov, Alapakkam P. Sampath

   Pages 1-5

3. Phototransduction in Rods and Cones

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 7-7

      PDF

   2. G Protein Deactivation Mechanisms in Vertebrate Phototransduction

      • Ching-Kang Chen, Hung-Ya Tu

      Pages 9-22

   3. Signaling by Rod and Cone Photoreceptors: Opsin Properties, G-protein Assembly, and Mechanisms of Activation

      • Alexander V. Kolesnikov, Oleg G. Kisselev, Vladimir J. Kefalov

      Pages 23-48

   4. G-Protein–Effector Coupling in the Vertebrate Phototransduction Cascade

      • Nikolai O. Artemyev

      Pages 49-64

4. Inner Retinal GPCR Signaling Pathways

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 65-65

      PDF

   2. Interdependence Among Members of the mGluR6 G-protein Mediated Signalplex of Retinal Depolarizing Bipolar Cells

      • Ronald G. Gregg, Thomas A. Ray, Nazarul Hasan, Maureen A. McCall, Neal S. Peachey

      Pages 67-79

   3. Mechanistic Basis for G Protein Function in ON Bipolar Cells

      • Noga Vardi, Anuradha Dhingra

      Pages 81-97

   4. Modulation of TRPM1 and the mGluR6 Cascade in ON Bipolar Cells

      • Scott Nawy

      Pages 99-119

   5. The Role of Dopamine in Fine-Tuning Cone- and Rod-Driven Vision

      • Rolf Herrmann, Vadim Y. Arshavsky

      Pages 121-141

   6. Regulation of Electrical Synaptic Plasticity in the Retina by G-Protein-Coupled Receptors

      • John O’Brien

      Pages 143-169

5. Signaling by Photosensitive Ganglion Cells

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 171-171

      PDF

   2. The Functional Properties of the G Protein-Coupled Receptor Melanopsin in Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells

      • Alan C. Rupp, Samer Hattar

      Pages 173-195

6. Back Matter

   Pages 197-198

   PDF

The main purpose of this volume is to provide a focused analysis of the function of the G protein-coupled signaling pathways that operate in the interconnected network of retinal neurons as they detect and encode the information carried by light. The organization of this volume will generally follow the path of signal flow in the retina. First we will describe recent advances in understanding the phototransduction cascade of rod and cone photoreceptors, which use signaling cascade based on the GPCR rhodopsin to transduce incident light into neural activity. Chapters will be devoted to unique specializations of the two major types of photosensitive cells that comprise the predominant input for our spatial and color vision. Subsequently, the mechanisms of synaptic information encoding by retinal ON bipolar cells will be described, where the GPCR mGluR6 plays a fundamental role. Chapters in this section will examine macromolecular organization of the mGluR6 signaling pathway as well as current understanding of its function. The functional characteristics of this signaling mechanism will be explored in detail. Additionally, this section will cover the role of dopamine receptors in modulating signal transmission between photoreceptors and ON-bipolar cells. Finally, chapters will be focused on the output neurons of the inner retina, ganglion cells, where the components of the emerging GPCR melanopsin cascade in intrinsically photosensitive ganglion cells will be detailed. Collectively these mechanisms allow the retina to represent visual space over a wide range of light intensities.

• G protein
• GPCR
• Retina
• Signal transduction
• vision
• Receptors

“This is an excellent monograph of Rod and Cone physiology in the retina preparation. … This is an important book for ophthalmology researchers, graduate, and biochemistry students. … It is highly recommended book in visual neurophysiology.” (Joseph J. Grenier, Amazon.com, September, 2015)

• The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, USA

  Kirill A. Martemyanov

• Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA

  Alapakkam P. Sampath

Policies and ethics