Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xiii

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2. Detection of Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia

   1. Nucleic Acid Cytometry, Interphase Chromosomes and Nucleolar Antigen in the Detection of Residual Leukemia in Morphologic Remission

      • B. Barlogie, W. N. Hittelman, F. M. Davis, H. Kantarjian

      Pages 1-18

   2. Automated Detection of Rare Hemopoietic Cell Types by Flow Cytometry and Image Analysis

      • J. W. M. Visser

      Pages 19-43

   3. Detection of Minimal Residual Leukemia Utilizing Monoclonal Antibodies and Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS)

      • Anton Hagenbeek, Anton C. M. Martens

      Pages 45-54

   4. Discrimination Between Normal Hemopoietic Stem Cells and Myeloid Leukemia Cells Using Monoclonal Antibodies

      • Beverly Lange, Dario Ferrero, Silvana Pessano, Howard Hubbell, Antonio Palumbo, Sun Kai Lai et al.

      Pages 55-65

   5. Detection of Minimal Residual Disease in TdT Positive T Cell Malignancies by Double Immunofluorescence Staining

      • J. J. M. Van Dongen, H. Hooijkaas, K. Hählen, K. Benne, W. M. Bitter, A. A. Van Der Linde-Preesman et al.

      Pages 67-81

   6. Detection of Early Relapse and Minimal Residual Disease in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia by Enumeration of Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase-Positive Cells in Peripheral Blood

      • George R. Buchanan, R. Graham Smith

      Pages 83-95

3. Treatment of Minimal Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia: Chemotherapy

   1. Principles of Therapy of Malignancy Extrapolated from a Rat Model of Leukemia to Man

      • P. J. Burke

      Pages 97-109

   2. Evaluation and Chemotherapy of Residual Disease in Acute Leukemia

      • R. Zittoun, J. P. Marie

      Pages 111-125

   3. The Treatment of Minimal Residual Disease During Remission in AML

      • R. S. Weiner

      Pages 127-140

   4. Short Term Chemotherapy for Acute Myelogenous Leukaemia

      • T. A. Lister, W. Gregory, A. Z. S. Rohatiner, B. Birkhead, R. Biruls, M. Barnett et al.

      Pages 141-148

   5. Factors Influencing Disease Free Interval after Achieving Complete Remission in Acute Leukemia

      • M. J. Keating

      Pages 149-164

4. Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation in the Treatment of Acute Leukemia

   1. In Vitro Chemotherapy as a Prelude to Autologous Marrow Transplantation in Hematologic Malignancy

      • George W. Santos, Herbert Kaizer

      Pages 165-181

   2. In Vivo and in Vitro Pharmacologic Purification of Bone Marrow Contaminated with Tumor Cells Using VP16-213 and Nitrogen Mustard

      • Patrick J. Stiff, Thomas P. U. Wustrow, Alan R. Koester, Michael F. Derisi, Bayard D. Clarkson

      Pages 183-196

   3. AML Cell Heterogeneity. Implications for Leukemia Cell Separation from Autologous Bone Marrow Grafts

      • Bob Löwenberg, Jan Bauman

      Pages 197-207

   4. Elimination of Leukemic Cells from Remission Marrow Suspensions by an Immunomagnetic Procedure

      • Karel A. Dicke, Christopher H. Poynton, Christoher L. Reading

      Pages 209-221

   5. The Use of Immunotoxins to Kill Neoplastic B Cells

      • Ellen S. Vitetta, Jonathan W. Uhr

      Pages 223-232

   6. Monoclonal Antibodies for Purging Bone Marrow of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia or Graft Versus Host Producing Cells:Antibody Plus Complement or Immunotoxins

      • J. Kersey, D. Vallera, N. Ramsay, L. Filipovich, R. Stong, T. LeBien et al.

      Pages 233-239

   7. Treatment of Autologous Bone Marrow Grafts with Antibodies Against All Cells

      • S. Thierfelder, B. Netzel, G. Hoffmann-Fezer, B. Kranz, J. Haas

      Pages 241-253

   8. Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation in Calla Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

      • S. E. Sallan, R. C. Bast Jr, J. M. Lipton, J. Ritz

      Pages 255-264

The objective of the treatment of acute leukemia involves the eradication of all neoplastic cells, including the last one. Ideally, treatment should be controlled by monitoring cell kill. If the last cells could be discovered and their biological properties be determined, the qualitative and quantitative effects of treatment should be directly evaluable. This should ultimately permit a calculated tumor cell reduction thereby avoiding overtreatment and excessive toxicity and thus providing a basis for individualized antileukemic treatment. In recent years several new developments have contributed to the selective discovery of minimal numbers of leukemic cells which are hidden among the normal cells in the marrow cavities. These methods are the first steps to the realization of the therapeutic goals indicated above. They include the production and ap­ plication of monoclonal antibodies against differentiation antigens on the cell sur­ face, the use of pulse cytophotometry - and cell sorter techniques, the employment of cytogenetics, the development of culture techniques for selective growth of precursor cells and several others. These methodologies offer prospects for refined diagnosis and, as far as the elimination of leukemic cells is concerned, the further development of autologous bone marrow transplantation. Eliminating tumor cells from autologous grafts requires the detailed knowledge of the cellular inter­ relationships within the neoplasm so that the neoplastic cells responsible for tumor propagation are specifically removed. Recognition and characterization of the clonogenic cells of the neoplasm should then lead to determining their sensitivity to the therapeutic agents which are clinically applied.

• leukemia

• The Dr Daniël den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam Radio-Therapeutic Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

  B. Löwenberg, A. Hagenbeek

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