Ultradian Rhythms from Molecules to Mind

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xviii

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2. The Molecular-Genetic-Cellular Level

   1. The Ultradian Clock (~40 min) in Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

      • D. Lloyd, D. B. Murray, R. R. Klevecz, J. Wolf, H. Kuriyama

      Pages 11-42

   2. ENOX Proteins, Copper Hexahydrate-Based Ultradian Oscillators of the Cells’ Biological Clock

      • D. J. Morré, D. M. Morré

      Pages 43-84

   3. Self-Organized Intracellular Ultradian Rhythms Provide Direct Cell-Cell Communication

      • V. Y. Brodsky, D. Lloyd

      Pages 85-104

   4. Phosphorylation Dynamics in Mammalian Cells

      • D. A. Gilbert, K. D. Hammond

      Pages 105-128

   5. Is There a Mitochondrial Clock?

      • M. A. Aon, S. Cortassa, B. O’Rourke

      Pages 129-144

3. Invertebrate Systems

   1. Ultradian and Circadian Rhythms: Experiments and Models

      • B. Fuentes-Pardo, C. Barriga-Montoya, M. Lara-Aparicio, S. López de Medrano

      Pages 147-161

   2. Ultradian Lovesong Rhythms in Drosophila

      • C. P. Kyriacou

      Pages 163-173

   3. Mid-range Ultradian Rhythms in Drosophila and the Circadian Clock Problem

      • H. B. Dowse

      Pages 175-199

   4. Tidal Rhythms

      • M. K. Chandrashekaran, V. K. Sharma

      Pages 201-226

4. The Neuroendocrineal and Developmental Level

   1. Pulsatile Hormone Secretion: Mechanisms, Significance and Evaluation

      • J. D. Veldhuis

      Pages 229-248

   2. Ultradian Rhythms as the Dynamic Signature of Life

      • F. E. Yates, L. B. Yates

      Pages 249-260

   3. The Mammalian Circadian Timekeeping System

      • U. Schibler

      Pages 261-279

5. Ultradian and Circadian Rhythms in Human Experience

   1. Ultradian Cognitive Performance Rhythms During Sleep Deprivation

      • C. M. LaJambe, F. M. Brown

      Pages 283-301

   2. High Frequency EEG and Its Relationship to Cognitive Function

      • H. C. Sing

      Pages 303-341

   3. Total Sleep Deprivation and Cognitive Performance: The Case for Multiple Sources of Variance

      • H. Babkoff, A. Goldstein, G. Zukerman

      Pages 343-389

   4. Open Questions on Mind, Genes, Consciousness, and Behavior: The Circadian and Ultradian Rhythms of Art, Beauty, and Truth in Creativity

      • E. L. Rossi, K. L. Rossi

      Pages 391-411

   5. Genes, Sleep and Dreams

      • S. Ribeiro, C. Simões, M. Nicolelis

      Pages 413-429

   6. Epilogue: A New Vision of Life

      • D. Lloyd, E. L. Rossi

      Pages 431-439

6. Back Matter

   Pages 441-450

   PDF

5. 1. 1 Biological Rhythms and Clocks From an evolutionary perspective, the adaptation of an organism’s behavior to its environment has depended on one of life’s fundamental traits: biological rhythm generation. In virtually all light-sensitive organisms from cyanobacteria to humans, biological clocks adapt cyclic physiology to geophysical time with time-keeping properties in the circadian (24 h), ultradian (24 h) domains (Edmunds, 1988; Lloyd, 1998; Lloyd et al. , 2001; Lloyd and Murray, 2006; Lloyd, 2007; Pittendrigh, 1993; Sweeney and Hastings, 1960) By definition, all rhythms exhibit regular periodicities since they constitute a mechanism of timing. Timing exerted by oscillatory mechanisms are found throughout the biological world and their periods span a wide range from milliseconds, as in the action potential of n- rons and the myocytes, to the slow evolutionary changes that require thousands of generations. In this context, to understand the synchronization of a population of coupled oscillators is an important problem for the dynamics of physiology in living systems (Aon et al. , 2007a, b; Kuramoto, 1984; Strogatz, 2003; Winfree, 1967). Circadian rhythms, the most intensively studied, are devoted to measuring daily 24 h cycles. A variety of physiological processes in a wide range of eukaryotic organisms display circadian rhythmicity which is characterized by the following major properties (Anderson et al. , 1985; Edmunds, 1988): (i) stable, autonomous (self-sustaining) oscillations having a free-running period under constant envir- mental conditions of ca.

• Chronobiology
• attention
• bioinformatics
• biology
• cells
• eukaryotes
• life sciences
• neuroscience
• saccharomyces cerevisiae
• tissue

• Microbiology (BIOSI 1), Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK

  David Lloyd

• Los Osos, USA

  Ernest L. Rossi

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