Advances in Osteoarthritis

1. Front Matter

   Pages II-X

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2. Mechanical Stress and Chondrocyte Reactions

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Extracellular Ions and Hydrostatic Pressure: Their Influence on Chondrocyte Intracellular Ionic Composition

      • Jill P. G. Urban, Robert J. Wilkins

      Pages 3-20

   3. Cytoskeleton and Proteoglycan Synthesis in Chondrocytes Under Hydrostatic Pressure

      • Jyrki J. Parkkinen, Mikko J. Lammi, Matti O. Jortikka, Ritva I. Inkinen, Kai Kaarniranta, Heikki J. Helminen et al.

      Pages 21-34

   4. Cyclic Tensile Stretch Inhibits Proteoglycan Synthesis by Downregulating Protein Kinase C Activity

      • Kanji Fukuda, Shigeki Asada, Kazuhiro Otani, Chiaki Hamanishi, Seisuke Tanaka

      Pages 35-47

   5. Muscarinic Receptor-Mediated Ca2+ Control, Protein Kinase C Activity, and Proteoglycan Release and Synthesis in Articular Chondrocytes

      • Makoto Hashima, Chiaki Hamanishi, Seisuke Tanaka

      Pages 48-55

3. Functional Diagnosis of Osteoarthritis

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 57-57

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   2. Physical Diagnostics of Cartilage Degeneration

      • Steven Treppo, Scott I. Berkenblit, David L. Bombard, Eliot H. Frank, Alan J. Grodzinsky

      Pages 59-73

   3. Applications of MRI for Evaluating Osteoarthritis

      • Charles G. Peterfy

      Pages 74-92

   4. Development of Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Assessment of Cartilage Damage and Repair in Vivo

      • Jenny A. Tyler, Laurance D. Hall, Paul J. Watson

      Pages 93-106

   5. Gene Delivery to Chondrocytes Using Adenovirus Vector

      • Toshikazu Kubo, Yuji Arai, Kappei Kobayashi, Jiro Imanishi, Masaharu Takigawa, Yasusuke Hirasawa

      Pages 107-118

4. New Cartilage Markers

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 119-119

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   2. The Recently Discovered Collagenase-3: A Key Role in Osteoarthritis

      • Johanne Martel Pelletier, Jean-Pierre Pelletier

      Pages 121-133

   3. Calpain and Its Role in Arthritis

      • Katsuji Shimizu

      Pages 134-141

   4. Immunohistochemical Localization of Cartilage-Specific and Non-Cartilage-Specific Proteoglycans in Experimental Osteoarthritic Articular Cartilage in Rats

      • Hiroshi Satsuma, Chiaki Hamanishi, Makoto Hashima, Seisuke Tanaka

      Pages 142-150

5. Promising Treatments 1

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 151-151

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   2. Results of a Phase II Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trial Using T-Cell Receptor Peptides

      • S. W. Brostoff, D. J. Carlo, J. P. Diveley, E. E. Morgan, C. J. Nardo, S. P. Richieri et al.

      Pages 153-162

   3. Chondroprotective Activity of a Matrix Metalloprotease Inhibitor, CGS 27023A, in Animal Models of Osteoarthritis

      • Elizabeth O’Byrne, Vincent Blancuzzi, Hem Singh, Lawrence J. MacPherson, David T. Parker, E. Donald Roberts

      Pages 163-173

   4. Protein Kinase C-Activator Inhibits Progression of Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting c-Fos Protein Expression in Articular Chondrocytes

      • Chiaki Hamanishi, Hiroshi Miyazaki, Hiroshi Satsuma, Seisuke Tanaka

      Pages 174-184

6. Promising Treatments 2: Cartilage Repair

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 185-185

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Basic research on osteoarthritis has been carried out mainly from the his­ tological and biochemical aspects of the degenerating chondrocytes, collagen fibers, and matrix proteoglycans. Undue mechanical stress has been shown to be the principal factor in the initiation of osteoarthritis. Although the exact process by which mechanical stress leads to the total destruction of cartilage tissue remains unclear, several new research methods have enabled us to gain a deeper understanding of the process of degeneration. In October 1997, we organized an international symposium titled "Ad­ vances in Osteoarthritis" in Kobe, with the main topics being updated re­ search, diagnosis, and treatment of osteoarthritis. The proceedings of the symposium are presented here in five sections: (1) Mechanical stress and reactions of chondrocytes, such as intracellular ion changes, changes in the cytoskeleton, intracellular messenger systems, release of gas mediators, and changes in electromechanical properties of cartilage; (2) Functional diagnosis of osteoarthritis by MR imaging, and using calpain and collagenase III as new cartilage markers; (3) Treatment with a promising simple washout technique and IL-1RA and MMP antagonists; (4) Cartilage repair by new grafting tech­ niques; and (5) Problems following total joint replacement. We sincerely hope that the advanced knowledge provided in this volume of proceedings will be valuable to our readers.

• arthroplasty
• bone
• cartilage
• clinical trial
• hip
• hip arthroplasty
• knee
• magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• osteoarthritis
• rheumatoid arthritis
• total joint replacement

• Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan

  Seisuke Tanaka

• Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan

  Chiaki Hamanishi

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