Forest Decline and Ozone

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XXI

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2. Ozone Formation, Destruction and Exposure in Europe and the United States

   • W. R. Stockwell, G. Kramm, H.-E. Scheel, V. A. Mohnen, W. Seiler

   Pages 1-38

3. Ozone and Its Known and Potential Effects on Forests in Western United States

   • P. R. Miller, M. J. Arbaugh, P. J. Temple

   Pages 39-67

4. Ozone and Its Known and Potential Effects on Forests in Eastern United States

   • J. M. Skelly, A. H. Chappelka, J. A. Laurence, T. S. Fredericksen

   Pages 69-93

5. Ozone and the Forests in Austria and Switzerland

   • R. Matyssek, W. M. Havranek, G. Wieser, J. L. Innes

   Pages 95-134

6. Role of Ozone in Forest Decline on Wank Mountain (Alps)

   • H. Rennenberg, A. Polle, M. Reuther

   Pages 135-162

7. Ozone Responses of Trees: Results from Controlled Chamber Exposures at the GSF Phytotron

   • C. Langebartels, D. Ernst, W. Heller, C. Lütz, H.-D. Payer, H. Sandermann Jr.

   Pages 163-200

8. Controlled O3 Exposures and Field Observations of O3 Effects in the UK

   • A. R. Wellburn, J. D. Barnes, P. W. Lucas, A. R. Mcleod, T. A. Mansfield

   Pages 201-247

9. Controlled Ozone Exposures and Field Observations in Fennoscandia

   • G. Selldén, S. Sutinen, L. Skärby

   Pages 249-276

10. Methods for Controlled and Field Ozone Exposures of Forest Tree Species in North America

    • R. C. Musselman, B. A. Hale

    Pages 277-315

11. Physiological Processes and Plant Responses to Ozone Exposure

    • R. L. Heath, G. E. Taylor Jr.

    Pages 317-368

12. Forest Decline and Ozone: Synopsis

    • H. Sandermann Jr., A. R. Wellburn, R. L. Heath

    Pages 369-377

13. Back Matter

    Pages 379-400

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The idea for this book arose in 1993, after the Free State of Bavaria through its Bayrisches Staatsministerium rur Landesentwicklung und Umweltfragen (Bavarian Ministry of Regional Development and the Environment) decided to discontinue both the Bavarian project management (PBWU) for forest decline research and the multidisciplinary field research on the Wank Mountain in the Alps near Garmisch. Forest decline through the action of ozone and other photooxidants was a main topic of the supported re­ search in the Alps and will be a topic of new investigations in the Bavarian Forest. Many interesting results were obtained, but the researchers involved have not had sufficient time to allow reliable conclusions to be drawn. It was therefore decided to ask inter­ national experts for contributions in order to summarize the best available evidence of a possible link between ozone and forest decline - a topic which has been studied in the USA since the late 1950s and in Europe since the early 1980s. The original idea of Waldsterben as an irreversible large-scale dieback of forests in Germany was soon recognized to be wrong (Forschungsbeirat 1989). However, the new criteria used for the official German and European damage inventories (loss or yel­ lowing of needles or leaves, tree morphology) indicate that per­ sistently high percentages of damaged spruce and pine remain, and there is an increasing percentage of damaged beech and oak, with a high proportion of biotic disease (Forschungsbeirat 1989; UN-ECE 1995).

• Forest decline
• Ozon
• Waldschäden, neuartige
• Waldsterben
• air pollution
• ecology
• ecosystem
• ecosystem research
• environment
• forest
• homeostasis
• ozone
• plants
• stress physiology
• Ökosystemforschung
• air pollution and air quality

• GSF-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit GmbH, Institut für Biochemische Pflanzenpathologie, Oberschleißheim, Germany

  Heinrich Sandermann

• Institute of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Lancaster, Lancaster, UK

  Alan R. Wellburn

• Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, USA

  Robert L. Heath

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