Effects of Nicotine on Biological Systems

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XII

   PDF

2. Introductory Remarks

   1. Introductory Remarks

      • Peter Froggatt

      Pages 1-4

3. Ethnopharmacology of Nicotine

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 5-5

      PDF

   2. The Ethnopharmacology of Tobacco in Native South America

      • J. Wilbert

      Pages 7-16

4. Metabolism of Nicotine

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 17-17

      PDF

   2. Importance of Nicotine Metabolism in Understanding the Human Biology of Nicotine

      • Neal L. Benowitz

      Pages 19-24

   3. The In Vitro Metabolic Fate of (S)-Nicotine

      • N. Castagnoli Jr., M. Shigenaga, T. Carlson, W. F. Trager, A. Trevor

      Pages 25-34

   4. Oxidative Metabolism of Nicotine In Vivo

      • Peyton Jacob III, Neal L. Benowitz

      Pages 35-44

   5. Detection of Nornicotine in Human Urine after Infusion of Nicotine

      • G. B. Neurath, D. Orth, F. G. Pein

      Pages 45-49

   6. Concentration of Nicotine in Serum and Saliva after Intravenous Infusion of the Alkaloid and after Smoking

      • L. Jarczyk, H. Maier, I. A. Born, G. Scherer, F. Adlkofer

      Pages 51-55

   7. Pharmacokinetics of Nicotine after Intranasal Administration

      • P. Olsson, F. Kuylenstierna, C-J. Johansson, PO. Gunnarsson, M. Bende

      Pages 57-61

   8. Nicotine Application with an Oral Capsule

      • C. Conze, G. Scherer, F. Adlkofer

      Pages 63-68

   9. Conjugation Pathways in Nicotine Metabolism

      • M. Curvall, E. Kazemi Vala, G. Englund

      Pages 69-75

   10. Contribution of Trans 3′-Hydroxycotinine and Glucuronide Conjugates of Nicotine Metabolites to the Measurement of Cotinine by Ria

       • J. P. Richie Jr., Y. Leutzinger, C. M. Axelrad, N. J. Haley

       Pages 77-81

   11. Extrahepatic Compared with Hepatic Metabolism of Nicotine in the Rat

       • H. Foth, U. Walther, H. Looschen, H. Neurath, G. F. Kahl

       Pages 83-87

   12. Relevance of Nicotine-Derived N-Nitrosamines in Tobacco Carcino-Genesis

       • D. Hoffmann, A. Rivenson, F.-L. Chung, S. S. Hecht

       Pages 89-101

   13. No Pyrosynthesis of N′-Nitrosonornicotine (NNN) and 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-Pyridyl)-1-Butanone (NNK) from Nicotine

       • Sophia Fischer, Bertold Spiegelhalder, Rudolf Preussmann

       Pages 103-107

   14. Exposure to Nicotine-Derived N-Nitrosamines from Smokeless Tobacco and Evidence Against their Endogenous Formation

       • A. R. Tricker, R. Preussmann

       Pages 109-113

   15. Toxicokinetics of Nicotine-Derived Nitrosamines in the Rat

       • B. L. Pool-Zobel, U. Liegibel, R. G. Klein, P. Schmezer

       Pages 115-121

   16. Intestinal First Pass Metabolism of NNK in the Mouse

       • J. Schulze, G. Hunder, E. Richter

       Pages 123-127

As part of its scientific activities, the German Research Council on Smoking and Health regularly provides opportunities for scientists to discuss progress in the field of nicotine research. In this context, the Research Council sponsored a Satellite Symposium in Hamburg, June 28-30, 1990 entitled "Effects of Nicotine on Biological Systems". This meeting was held in conjunction with the XIth International Congress of Pharmacology in Amsterdam and follows the first Satellite Symposium on Nicotine which was convened in Brisbane, Australia in 1987. The aim of these conferences has been to discuss state of the art research on the pharmacology and toxicology of nicotine and its metabolites and to integrate this information to help define nicotinic actions on the central and peripheral nervous system as well as to evaluate health or behavioral effects associated with use of this alkaloid. Furthermore, at this conference, potential therapeutic benefits of nicotine for certain disease states were discussed. Smoking and the health effects of smoking were dealt with only as far as they could not be separated from the effects of nicotine. This volume contains the lectures presented at the symposium and illustrates that knowledge of nicotine has advanced considerably in recent years with regard to mechanisms of its actions. Despite such progress however, it is apparent that a' large number of questions remain unanswered, especially in the light of new insight into cellular and molecular mechanisms which can be affected by nicotine.

• Alzheimer´s disease
• Hypothalamus
• Insulin
• Nicotin
• Parkinson
• dopamine
• kidney
• kinetics
• metabolism
• neuropeptides
• pharmacokinetics
• pharmacology
• psychopharmacology
• research
• toxicology

• Forschungsrat Rauchen und Gesundheit, Bonn 3, Germany

  Franz Adlkofer

• Physiologisches Institut, Universität München, München 2, Germany

  Klaus Thurau

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