Methods and Techniques in Ethnobiology and Ethnoecology

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xvi

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2. Methods and Qualitative Techniques

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Preparation of Qualitative Research

      • Joelson Moreno Brito Moura, Risoneide Henriques da Silva, Nylber Augusto da Silva, Daniel Carvalho Pires de Sousa, Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque

      Pages 3-13

   3. Implementing Ethnobiological Research: Pretests, Quality Control, and Protocol Reviews

      • Temóteo Luiz Lima da Silva, Joelson Moreno Brito Moura, Juliane Souza Luiz Hora, Edwine Soares de Oliveira, André dos Santos Souza, Nylber Augusto da Silva et al.

      Pages 15-23

   4. Participant Observation and Field Journal: When to Use and How to Analyze

      • Juliana Loureiro Almeida Campos, Taline Cristina da Silva, Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque

      Pages 25-34

   5. Audio and Video Recording Techniques for Ethnobiological Research

      • Simone de Hek, Ana Ladio

      Pages 35-44

   6. Qualitative Data Analysis

      • Daniel Carvalho Pires de Sousa, Henrique Fernandes Magalhães, Edwine Soares de Oliveira, Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque

      Pages 45-54

   7. Discourse of the Collective Subject as a Method for Analysis of Data in Ethnobiological Research

      • Izabel Cristina Santiago Lemos, Gyllyandeson de Araújo Delmondes, Diógenes de Queiroz Dias, Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes, George Pimentel Fernandes, Marta Regina Kerntopf

      Pages 55-67

3. Methods and Quantitative Techniques

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 69-69

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   2. Going Back to Basics: How to Master the Art of Making Scientifically Sound Questions

      • Thiago Gonçalves-Souza, Diogo B. Provete, Michel V. Garey, Fernando R. da Silva, Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque

      Pages 71-86

   3. Multidimensional Analyses for Testing Ecological, Ethnobiological, and Conservation Hypotheses

      • Thiago Gonçalves-Souza, Michel V. Garey, Fernando R. da Silva, Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque, Diogo B. Provete

      Pages 87-110

   4. The Use of Multivariate Tools in Studies of Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Management Systems

      • Cristina Baldauf, Nivea Dias dos Santos

      Pages 111-125

   5. The Spatiotemporal Scale of Ethnobiology: A Conceptual Contribution in the Application of Meta-Analysis and the Development of the Macro-Ethnobiological Approach

      • Tania Vianney Gutiérrez-Santillán, David Valenzuela-Galván, Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque, Francisco Reyes-Zepeda, Leonardo Uriel Arellano-Méndez, Arturo Mora-Olivo et al.

      Pages 127-147

   6. Collection and Analysis of Environmental Risk Perception Data

      • Henrique Fernandes Magalhães, Regina Célia da Silva Oliveira, Ivanilda Soares Feitosa, Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque

      Pages 149-159

4. Methodological and Theoretical Challenges

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 161-161

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   2. Ethnoecology in Pluricultural Contexts: Theoretical and Methodological Contributions

      • Julio A. Hurrell, Pablo C. Stampella, María B. Doumecq, María L. Pochettino

      Pages 163-186

   3. Ethnobotany and Ethnoecology Applied to Historical Ecology

      • Mariana Franco Cassino, Rubana Palhares Alves, Carolina Levis, Jennifer Watling, André Braga Junqueira, Myrtle P. Shock et al.

      Pages 187-208

   4. Challenges in Ethnozoological Research

      • Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves, Wedson Medeiros Silva Souto

      Pages 209-214

   5. Biocultural Collections and Participatory Methods: Old, Current, and Future Knowledge

      • Viviane Stern da Fonseca-Kruel, Luciana Martins, Aloisio Cabalzar, Claudia Leonor López-Garcés, Márlia Coelho-Ferreira, Pieter-Jan van der Veld et al.

      Pages 215-228

   6. Protocols and Ethical Considerations in Ethnobiological Research

      • Sofia Zank, Rafaela Helena Ludwinsky, Graziela Dias Blanco, Natalia Hanazaki

      Pages 229-253

Ethnobiology and ethnoecology have become very popular in recent years. Particularly in the last 20 years, many manuals of methods have published the most classical approaches to the subject. There have been, however, many advances in research as a result of interaction with different disciplines, but also due to more recent results, new original and interesting questions.

This handbook provides the current state of the art methods and techniques in ethnobiology and ethnoecology, and related fields. This new volume, besides bringing new and original aspects of what is found in the literature, fills some of the gaps in volume one by including the most systematic and extensive treatment of methods and techniques in qualitative research. Along with the various methods covered in the individual chapters, the handbook also includes an extensive bibliography that details the current literature in the field.

• Traditional knowledge
• Ethnobiology
• Ethnoecology
• Ethnobotany
• Biocultural collections
• Systematic Botany

• Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil

  Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque

• Departamento de Sistemática e Ecologia, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

  Reinaldo Farias Paiva de Lucena

• Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil

  Luiz Vital Fernandes Cruz da Cunha

• Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, Brazil

  Rômulo Romeu Nóbrega Alves

Ulysses Paulino Albuquerque is graduate at Biological Sciences from Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, master's at Plant Biology (Taxonomy and Ethnobotany) from Universidade Federal de Pernambuco and PhD at Plant Biology (Ethnobotany) from Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Currently he is professor of Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil) where he coordinates the Laboratory of Ecology and Evolution of Social-Ecological Systems (LEA). He acts in the areas of ecological anthropology, ethnobotany, biodiversity conservation, applied botany, ethnopharmacology and natural products. He has a special interest to the comprehension of the factors that modulate the relation between people and biota on the interface of ecology and evolutive processes. He is member of editorial board of the Journal of Ethnobiology and Etnomedicine (Associate Editor), Economic Botany (Associate Editor) and  Ethnobiology and Conservation (co-Editor in Chief).


Reinaldo Farias Paiva Lucena  is graduate at Biological Sciences from Universidade Estadual da Paraiba, master's  and PhD at botany from Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Currently he is professor of Universidade Federal da Paraiba  (Northeastern Brazil). He acts in the areas of ethnobotany and environmental sciences. 


Luiz Vital Fernandes Cruz da Cunha is graduate at Biological Sciences from Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, master's  in plant biology at Universidade Federal de Pernambuco and PhD at Forest Sciences  from Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Currently he is professor of Universidade Católica de Pernambuco  (Northeastern Brazil), were acts  as director of the Institue of Health and Biological Sciences. 


Rômulo R.N. Alves is graduate at Biological Sciences from Universidade federal da Paraiba, master`s and PhD at Zoology from Universidade Federal da Paraiba.  Currently he is professor of Universidade Estadual da Paraiba  (Northeastern Brazil). His areas of academic interest are ethnozoology and wildlife trade, uses and conservation, zootherapy, and human ecology. He has conducted ethnobiological research for the last ten years, which focuses on ethnozoology, particularly on fisheries, hunting, and wildlife trade and uses. In addition, he is one of the Editors-in-Chief of the journal Ethnobiology and Conservation and member of the Editorial Board of the Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. 

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