Particulate Carbon

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-x

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2. The Importance of Particulate Elemental Carbon

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. The Atmospheric Cycle of Elemental Carbon

      • R. J. Charlson, J. A. Ogren

      Pages 3-18

   3. Soot in the Atmosphere

      • T. Novakov

      Pages 19-41

   4. The Optical Properties of Particulate Elemental Carbon

      • R. W. Bergstrom, T. P. Ackerman, L. W. Richards

      Pages 43-51

   5. Perturbation to the Atmospheric Radiation Field from Carbonaceous Aerosols

      • G. E. Shaw

      Pages 53-73

   6. The Importance of Elemental Carbon Session Summary

      • George M. Hidy

      Pages 75-76

3. Analytical Measurement Techniques and Chemistry of Elemental Carbon

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 77-77

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   2. Analysis of Organic and Elemental Carbon in Ambient Aerosols by a Thermal-Optical Method

      • J. J. Huntzicker, R. L. Johnson, J. J. Shah, R. A. Cary

      Pages 79-88

   3. An Evaluation of Methods for the Determination of Organic and Elemental Carbon in Particulate Samples

      • S. H. Cadle, P. J. Groblicki

      Pages 89-109

   4. Analytical Methods to Measure the Carbonaceous Content of Aerosols

      • R. K. Stevens, W. A. McClenny, T. G. Dzubay, M. A. Mason, W. J. Courtney

      Pages 111-129

   5. Carbon Analysis of Atmospheric Aerosols Using Grale and Reflectance Analysis

      • E. S. Macias, L.-C. Chu

      Pages 131-144

   6. Optical Techniques for the Measurement of Light Absorption by Particulates

      • H. E. Gerber

      Pages 145-158

   7. Chemical and Catalytic Properties of Elemental Carbon

      • S. G. Chang, R. Brodzinsky, L. A. Gundel, T. Novakov

      Pages 159-181

4. Sources of Carbon

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 183-183

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   2. Fireplaces, Furnaces and Vehicles as Emission Sources of Particulate Carbon

      • J. L. Muhlbaier, R. L. Williams

      Pages 185-205

   3. Emissions and Air Quality Relationships for Atmospheric Carbon Particles in Los Angeles

      • G. R. Cass, P. M. Boone, E. S. Macias

      Pages 207-243

   4. Contemporary Particulate Carbon

      • L. A. Currie

      Pages 245-260

   5. Distinguishing Carbon Aerosols by Microscopy

      • R. G. Draftz

      Pages 261-271

   6. Graphitic Carbon in Urban Environments and the Arctic

      • H. Rosen, A. D. A. Hansen, R. L. Dod, L. A. Gundel, T. Novakov

      Pages 273-294

This book contains the papers and discussions from the symposium, "PARTICU­ LATE CARBON: Atmospheric Life Cycle," held at the General Motors Research Laboratories on October 13-14, 1980. This symposium, which focused on atmospheric particulate elemental carbon, or soot, was the twenty-fifth in this series sponsored by the General Motors Research Laboratories. The present symposium volume contains discussions of the following aspects of particulate elemental carbon (EC): the atmos­ pheric life cycle of EC including sources, sinks, and transport processes, the role of EC in atmospheric chemistry and optics, the possible role of EC in altering climate, and measurement techniques as well as ambient concentrations in urban, rural, and remote areas. Previous symposia have covered a wide range of scientific and engineering subjects. Topics are selected because they are new or represent rapidly changing fields and are of significant technical importance. It is ironic that the study of particulate elemental carbon or soot should meet the above criteria for selection because soot, especially from coal and wood combustion, has been a recognized air pollutant for centuries. However, since the 1950s, when intense efforts to study air pollution were initiated, to until a few years ago, the role of elemental carbon in the atmosphere was largely ignored. The major reason for this was the lack of a suitable measurement technique.

• air pollution
• atmosphere
• chemistry
• climate
• pollution
• transport
• air pollution and air quality

• General Motors Research Laboratories, USA

  George T. Wolff, Richard L. Klimisch

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