Mycobacterium Tuberculosis: Molecular Infection Biology, Pathogenesis, Diagnostics and New Interventions

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xxiv

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2. Pathogenesis and Epidemiology of Tuberculosis

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. History of TB: Robert Koch and Beyond

      • Ashfaq Hasan

      Pages 3-16

   3. Tuberculosis as an Underlying Etiological Factor for Other Human Respiratory Diseases

      • Ronan F. O’Toole

      Pages 17-26

   4. Host Factors in Tuberculosis

      • Ruxana T. Sadikot

      Pages 27-36

   5. Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

      • Surendra K. Sharma, Alladi Mohan

      Pages 37-53

   6. Infections with Nontuberculous Mycobacteria: Increased Awareness and Recent Developments

      • Astrid Lewin, Hubert Schäfer

      Pages 55-86

   7. Tuberculosis in New Zealand: Historical Overview to Modern Epidemiology

      • Ronan F. O’Toole

      Pages 87-99

3. Molecular and Infection Biology of M. tuberculosis

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 101-101

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   2. Mycobacterial Methyltransferases: Significance in Pathogenesis and Virulence

      • Sonam Grover, Rishabh Gangwar, Salma Jamal, Sabeeha Ali, Khairun Nisaa, Nasreen Z. Ehtesham et al.

      Pages 103-122

   3. The PE and PPE Family Proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: What they Are Up To?

      • Ravi Pal, Faiza Nazar, Sangita Mukhopadhyay

      Pages 123-150

   4. Intrinsically Disordered Regions in PE/PPE Protein Family of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Moonlighting Function

      • Farha Naz, Javeed Ahmad, Mohd Shariq, Mohd Arish, Javaid A. Sheikh, Seyed E. Hasnain et al.

      Pages 151-170

   5. Comparative In Silico Analyses Reveal Crucial Factors for Virulence, Antigenicity, and Evolution in M.tb

      • Yadvir Singh

      Pages 171-188

   6. Importance of Cell Wall-Associated Poly-α-L-Glutamine in the Biology of Pathogenic Mycobacteria

      • Rajni Garg, Rajesh Mani, Manish Gupta, Deeksha Tripathi, Harish Chandra, Rakesh Bhatnagar et al.

      Pages 189-201

   7. Cellular Stress Responses and Immunological Regulations During Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

      • Nooruddin Khan, Gillipsie Minhas, K. Kala jyothi, Jyoti Sharma

      Pages 203-220

   8. Heat Shock Proteins in the Pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

      • Prajna Tripathi, Janendra K. Batra

      Pages 221-240

   9. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress: Importance in Pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

      • Tarina Sharma, Sonam Grover, Nasreen Z. Ehtesham, Seyed E. Hasnain

      Pages 241-255

   10. Toxin-Antitoxin (TA) Systems in Stress Survival and Pathogenesis

       • Ashutosh Kumar, Anwar Alam, Pranami Bharadwaj, Sharmistha Tapadar, Mamta Rani, Seyed E. Hasnain

       Pages 257-274

   11. Nucleotide Excision Repair Pathway in Mycobacteria

       • Manoj Thakur, K. Muniyappa

       Pages 275-300

   12. Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Hidden Arsenal for Mtb Persistence, Resuscitation, and Reactivation

       • Jaishree Garhyan, Bikul Das, Rakesh Bhatnagar

       Pages 301-314

This book reviews recent advances in the molecular and infection biology, pathology, and molecular epidemiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as the identification and validation of novel molecular drug targets for the treatment of this mycobacterial disease.

Despite being completely curable, tuberculosis is still one of the leading global causes of death.  M. tuberculosis, the causative organism – one of the smartest pathogens known – adopts highly intelligent strategies for survival and pathogenesis. 

Presenting a wealth of information on the molecular infection biology of M. tuberculosis, as well as nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), the book provides an overview of the functional role of the PE/PPE group of proteins, which is exclusive to the genus Mycobacteria, of host-pathogen interactions, and virulence. It also explores the pathogenesis of the infection, pathology, epidemiology, and diagnosis of NTM. Finally it discusses current and novel approaches in vaccine development against tuberculosis, including the role of nanotechnology. 

With state-of-the-art contributions from experts in the respective domains, this book is an informative resource for practitioners as well as medical postgraduate students and researchers.

• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Virulence and pathogenesis
• Mesenchymal stem cells
• Host pathogen interactions
• Nontuberculous mycobacteria
• infectious diseases
• vaccines

• JH Institute of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India

  Seyed Ehtesham Hasnain, Sonam Grover

• Inflammation Biology and Cell Signaling Laboratory, ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, Safdarjung Hospital Campus, New Delhi, India

  Nasreen Z. Ehtesham

Prof Seyed E. Hasnain has contributed significantly to tuberculosis research focusing on infection biology and functional epidemiology. He has received numerous recognitions and honors including, Robert Koch Fellow, Berlin; Fellow, American Academy of Microbiology (USA); Member, German National Academy of Sciences-Leopoldina; Fellow, TWAS (Italy), and Fellow of all the major Indian Science Academies (FNA/FASc/FNASc). He also received the Alexander von Humboldt Research Award (Germany), Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize, GD Birla Award, JC Bose Fellowship and many others. A former member of the Science Advisory Council to the Prime Minister of India for 2 terms (2004-2014), Hasnain was the first Director of the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad and later Vice-Chancellor of the prestigious University of Hyderabad (2005-2011) and served as invited Professor, IIT-Delhi (2011-2019). Currently, he is the Vice-Chancellor of Jamia Hamdard and also Professor, JH-Institute of Molecular Medicine, where he leads a very large, active and generously funded TB research group.

Dr. Nasreen Zafar Ehtesham received her Master’s from Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh and graduate training from the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. She pursued her Ph.D. at the National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi (1991) and joined the ICGEB as a Rockefeller Postdoc Fellow. She was appointed as Deputy Director, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad where her group focused on nutrition and inflammation biology. She established the link between pathogenesis, inflammation and stress response using the Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection model. An elected Fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, she has served as a member of several decision-making bodies of the Health Ministry, S&T Ministry. She is the recipient of many awards, including the ICMR-Kshanika Oration Award for her contributions to tuberculosis biology. She has published over 70 research papers in prestigious journals such as PNAS and serves on the editorial boards of a number of journals. Currently, she is Director-in-Charge of the ICMR National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi.

Dr. Sonam Grover is a UGC-Assistant Professor at JH-Institute of Molecular Medicine, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi. She completed her Ph.D. at JNU (2014) and joined Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, IIT Delhi as a Postdoctoral Fellow the same year. During this tenure, she received a Women Scientist Grant from the Department of Health Research, Govt of India. Her main areas of research include Mycobacterium tuberculosis host-pathogen interactions, drug repurposing and identifying novel drug targets against tuberculosis. She has published over 25 research papers in various international, peer-reviewed journals including mBio and Molecular Neurobiology. She has delivered talks and presented her work at several national and international conferences and symposia. She is PI/CoPI in research projects funded by agencies such as DBT and DHR. She was also awarded the prestigious ‘ASCB Travel Award for graduate students’ to present her research at international conferences.

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