Physics and Chemistry of Finite Systems: From Clusters to Crystals

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xxiv

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2. Atomic Structure

   1. Clusters as a Key to the Understanding of Properties as a Function of Size and Dimensionality

      • Joshua Jortner

      Pages 1-17

   2. Atomic Structure of Clusters through Chemical Reactions

      • S. J. Riley, E. K. Parks

      Pages 19-28

   3. Structure of Decagonal Quasicrystals

      • A. R. Kortan, R. S. Becker, F. A. Thiel, H. S. Chen

      Pages 29-38

   4. Atomic Structure of Quasicrystals with and without Phason Defects

      • Ruizhong Hu, T. Egami, A.-P. Tsai, A. Inoue, T. Masumoto, J. C. Holtzer et al.

      Pages 39-48

   5. Structure of Quasi Crystals in Terms of Atomic Clusters

      • P. Guyot, M. Audier, M. De Boissieu

      Pages 49-59

   6. STM Studies of Clusters

      • Klaus Sattler

      Pages 61-70

   7. Structure and Transformation. Clusters as Models for Condensed Phases

      • Lawrence S. Bartell, Theodore S. Dibble, James W. Hovick, Shimin Xu

      Pages 71-76

   8. Structure Model of the Al-Cu-Co Decagonal Quasicrystal

      • S. E. Burkov

      Pages 77-83

   9. Infrared Spectroscopy of SF6 Attached to Classical and Quantum Clusters (finite size particles attaining bulk-like properties)

      • S. Goyal, D. L. Schutt, G. Scoles

      Pages 85-91

   10. Morphology and Structure of Ultrafine Gold Particles

       • Jitendra Kumar, Anu Gupta

       Pages 93-98

   11. Magic Numbers of Bimetallic Cluster Ions Consisting of Group-III Metals: The Icosahedric 13 Atom Clusters

       • A. Nakajima, T. Sugioka, T. Kishi, K. Kaya

       Pages 99-104

   12. Significant Structure Theory of Molecular Clusters

       • T. Nguyen, K. Cox, D. D. Shillady

       Pages 105-110

   13. On the Origin of the Dendritic Shapes in Goethite Particles

       • M. Rösler, H. Hofmeister, E. Held

       Pages 111-118

   14. Structural Fluctuation of Au55 and Au147 Clusters

       • S. Sawada, S. Sugano

       Pages 119-124

   15. A Face Centered Icosahedral Approximant Phase with Local Icosahedral Symmetry

       • J. E. Shield, M. J. Kramer, R. W. McCallum, A. I. Goldman

       Pages 125-129

   16. Defect-Fcc Structural Models for Argon Clusters ArN, N ≳ 500

       • Benjamin W. Van De Waal

       Pages 131-137

   17. Beyond the Icosahedral Glass Model, the Interpenetrating Pseudo — Icosahedral Clusters (IPIC) Model

       • J. L. Verger-Gaugry

       Pages 139-145

3. Stability and Evolution

   1. The Geometric Shell Structure of Metal Clusters

      • T. P. Martin, U. Näher, H. Göhlich, T. Lange

      Pages 147-156

   2. Electronic Shell Structure in Icosahedral Metal Clusters

      • J. Mansikka-Aho, J. Suhonen, S. Valkealahti, E. Hammarén, M. Manninen

      Pages 157-164

Recent innovations in experimental techniques such as molecular and cluster beam epitaxy, supersonic jet expansion, matrix isolation and chemical synthesis are increasingly enabling researchers to produce materials by design and with atomic dimension. These materials constrained by sire, shape, and symmetry range from clusters containing as few as two atoms to nanoscale materials consisting of thousands of atoms. They possess unique structuraI, electronic, magnetic and optical properties that depend strongly on their size and geometry. The availability of these materials raises many fundamental questions as weIl as technological possibilities. From the academic viewpoint, the most pertinent question concerns the evolution of the atomic and electronic structure of the system as it grows from micro clusters to crystals. At what stage, for example, does the cluster look as if it is a fragment of the corresponding crystal. How do electrons forming bonds in micro-clusters transform to bands in solids? How do the size dependent properties change from discrete quantum conditions, as in clusters, to boundary constrained bulk conditions, as in nanoscale materials, to bulk conditions insensitive to boundaries? How do the criteria of classification have to be changed as one goes from one size domain to another? Potential for high technological applications also seem to be endless. Clusters of otherwise non-magnetic materials exhibit magnetic behavior when constrained by size, shape, and dimension. NanoscaIe metal particles exhibit non-linear opticaI properties and increased mechanical strength. SimiIarly, materials made from nanoscale ceramic particIes possess plastic behavior.

• adsorption
• carbon
• catalysis
• chemical reaction
• chemistry
• crystal
• fullerene
• metals
• oxygen
• polymer
• quasicrystal
• silicon
• spectroscopy
• structure
• thermochemistry

• Department of Physics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, USA

  P. Jena, S. N. Khanna, B. K. Rao

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