Radioimmunoassays for Insulin, C-Peptide and Proinsulin

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-6

   PDF

2. Introduction

   1. Introduction

      • Lise G. Heding

      Pages 7-8

3. The establishment of a radioimmunoassay

   1. The establishment of a radioimmunoassay

      • Lise G. Heding

      Pages 9-13

4. Background for development of improved and new RIAs for insulin, C-peptide and proinsulin

   1. Background for development of improved and new RIAs for insulin, C-peptide and proinsulin

      • Lise G. Heding

      Pages 14-15

5. Discussion of the methods

   1. Discussion of the methods

      • Lise G. Heding

      Pages 16-24

6. The present state and expected future development of methods for the determination of β-cell secretory products

   1. The present state and expected future development of methods for the determination of β-cell secretory products

      • Lise G. Heding

      Pages 25-25

7. Summary and conclusion / Resume og konklusion

   1. Summary and conclusion

      • Lise G. Heding

      Pages 26-28

8. References

   1. References

      • Lise G. Heding

      Pages 29-35

9. Original papers

   1. Determination of Total Serum Insulin (IRI) in Insulin-treated Diabetic Patients

      • Lise G. Hedïng

      Pages 36-42

   2. Radioimmunoassays for Human, Pork and Ox C-peptides and Related Substances

      • L. G. Heding, U. D. Larsen, J. Markussen, K. H. Jørgensen, O. Hallund

      Pages 43-47

   3. Radioimmunological Determination of Human C-Peptide in Serum

      • L. G. Heding

      Pages 48-55

   4. Specific and Direct Radioimmunoassay for Human Proinsulin in Serum

      • L. G. Heding

      Pages 56-63

   5. Insulin, C-peptide, and Pro insulin in Nondiabetics and Insulin-treated Diabetics

      • Lise G. Heding

      Pages 64-69

10. Back Matter

    Pages 70-83

    PDF

THE DISCOVERY OF INSULIN, C-PEPTIDE AND PROINSULlN, SPECIES DIFFERENCES Crude insulin was extracted and isolated from dog pancreases removed 7-1 ° weeks after ligation of the pancreatic duct for the first time in 1921 by Banting and Best. Its lifesaving properties were subsequently documented in pancreatectomized dogs in 1922. Only about six months elapsed from its discovery until systematic collection of calf and ox pancreases and, later, porcine pancreases was established and the blood glucose lowering effect in diabetics using the crude extract from these glands proven. It was not until 1960, however, that the primary structure of all three species of insulin, lO7 human, porcine and bovine, was elucidated . It then became evident that the differences between bovine, porcine and human insulin amounted to at mosl 3 amino acids. These apparently small differences have a significant impact on the physico-chemical characteristics of the three insulins which again affect, e.g., the rate of absorption of insulin lO9 preparations from the subcutaneous tissue and their immunogenicity, i.e.

• insulin
• diabetes

• Novo Research Institute, Denmark

  Lise G. Heding

Policies and ethics