NBC Risks Current Capabilities and Future Perspectives for Protection

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xiii

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2. Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Risks — General Approach

   1. The Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction: Health Risks

      • T. Sohns

      Pages 1-18

   2. Intervention in a Chemical, Biological or Nuclear Disaster. A Romanian Point of View

      • V. A. Voicu

      Pages 19-37

   3. Are the Civilians Prepared for Chemical and/or Biological Warfare? The Need of a Cooperative Effort for a Simple Guideline

      • F. Hincal, A. Celyker, A. A. Hincal

      Pages 39-42

   4. Defense Against Biological Terrorism

      • T. Sohns

      Pages 43-59

   5. NBC Medical Planning System (NBCMedPlanS)

      • T. Sohns, S. Hotop

      Pages 61-68

   6. Planning of Medical Support for a Threatened or Actual Biological Environment. Principles, Policies and Procedures

      • E.-J. Finke, J. Loscher, H. Koch

      Pages 69-93

3. Pharmacoprotection and Treatment

   1. Finite Interactions Theory — A Biophysical Approach to Xenobiotic — Membrane Interface Interactions

      • V. A. Voicu, C. Mircioiu, S. Moldoveanu

      Pages 95-107

   2. A Theoretical Study of the Interactions of Acetylcholinesterase, Irreversible Inhibitors, and Their Antidotes

      • S. C. Moldoveanu, V. A. Voicu, C. Mircioiu, B. Moldoveanu

      Pages 109-125

   3. Electrochemical Properties of Platelets: Clinical and Pharmacological Applications

      • J. F. Stoltz, S. Muller, V. Labrador

      Pages 127-154

   4. Features of Apoptotic Cell Death in SCL II Cells after Exposure to 2,2-Dichlorodiethylsulfide

      • K. Kehe, L. Szinicz

      Pages 155-159

   5. A New View on the Mechanism of Action of Reversible Cholinesterase Inhibitors as Drugs for Prophylaxis

      • V. D. Tonkopii

      Pages 161-163

   6. Cholinesterases as Bioscavengers for Protection Against Organophosphate Chemical Warfare Agents

      • Bhupendra P. Doctor, Ashima Saxena, Richard K. Gordon, Donald M. Maxwell, Yacov Ashani

      Pages 165-175

   7. Selectivity and Protective Activity of Muscarinic Receptor’s Antagonists in Organophosphates Poisoning

      • A. B. Kosmachev, O. A. Philko

      Pages 177-180

   8. Reactivators, from Classic to a New Generation

      • C. D. Dishovsky

      Pages 181-187

   9. Convulsions in Organophosphate Intoxications: Their Mechanism and Treatment

      • S. Rump

      Pages 189-195

   10. Treatment of Organophosphate Nerve Agents, Current Therapy and Future Prospectives

       • Paul M. Lundy

       Pages 197-218

   11. Reactivation of Organophosphorus — Inhibited Human Erythrocyte-Acetylcholinesterase by Oximes in vitro

       • F. Worek, R. Widmann, O. Knopff, G. Heyes, L. Szinicz

       Pages 219-227

   12. Cholinesterase Status in Organophosphate Poisoned Patients

       • L. Szinicz, H. Thiermann, P. Eyer, T. Zilker

       Pages 229-241

   13. Testing the Antidotal Efficiency in the Treatment of Aflatoxin Poisoning

       • Viorel Ordeanu, Victor A. Voicu, Angela Postoarca, Rodica Chiosila, Rodica Alexandrescu, Bogdan Circiumaru

       Pages 243-249

The Advanced Research Workshop in Bucharest from 20. to 22. 04. 1998 covered a broad spectrum of medical and pharmaceutical approaches dealing to maintenaning and restoring of the health of civilians and military personnel exposed to ionizing radiation or biological or chemical agents. The current capabilities and future perspectives for protection against NBC hazards were analyzed from an interdisciplinary perspective. In this context the planning of medical support operations was addressed as were aspects of practical medicine and forwardlooking scientific approaches. The main areas covered were: -general approach and NBC risks -pharmacoprotection and treatment -skin protection and decontamination -pharmaceutical aspects of protectants -environmental aspects of NBC disarmament Acknowledgments The editors would like to express their thanks to NATO for having made this publication possible and all the participants of the conference who contributed their publications. In particular, the editors would like to thank Constantin Mircioiu and his staff for their assistance and support during all stages of the conference and editing. In addition, they are grateful to Harald Kempf and his staff for their editorial assistance in preparing this volume. THE PROLIFERATION OF WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION: HEALTH RISKS -An Analysisfrom a Medical Perspective- T. SOHNS German Armed Forces Medical Academy Neuherbergstr. II, D -80937 Munich Summary: The proliferation of weapons of mass destruction I and long-range means of delivery continues to be a matter of serious concern as it can pose a direct threat to national and international security.

• Acetylcholin
• cell
• drug
• drug delivery
• health
• medicine
• pesticide
• pharmacology
• planning
• proliferation
• radiation
• research
• skin
• treatment
• Diagnostic Radiology

• Department of Studies and Science, German Armed Forces Medical Academy, Munich, Germany

  Torsten Sohns, Harald Kempf

• University of Medicine & Pharmacy ”Carol Davila”, Bucharest, Romania

  Victor A. Voicu

• Department of Studies and Science, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, German Armed Forces Medical Academy, Munich, Germany

  Ladislaus Szinicz

• Department of Studies and Science, Institute of Microbiology, German Armed Forces Medical Academy, Munich, Germany

  Ernst-Juergen Finke

• Army Center of Medical Research and University of Medicine and Pharmacy „Carol Davila“, Bucharest, Romania

  Constantin Mircioiu

• Defence Research Establishment Suffield, Medicine Hat, Canada

  P. Lundy

• An-Ex, Cardiff, UK

  Keith R. Brain

Policies and ethics