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Radar Scattering from Modulated Wind Waves

Proceedings of the Workshop on Modulation of Short Wind Waves in the Gravity-Capillary Range by Non-Uniform Currents, held in Bergen aan Zee, The Netherlands, 24–26 May 1988

  • Conference proceedings
  • © 1989

Overview

Editors:
  1. G. J. Komen

    1. Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, The Netherlands

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  2. W. A. Oost

    1. Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, The Netherlands

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Table of contents (23 papers)

  1. Front Matter

    Pages i-x
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  2. Tidal currents and Bathymetry

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1
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    2. Determining the Currents Over Phelps Bank

      • David A. Greenberg, Gaspar R. Valenzuela, Davidson T. Chen
      Pages 3-17

    3. Studies of the Sea Surface with Radar in The Netherlands a Short History

      • G. P. de Loor
      Pages 19-24

  3. Electromagnetic scattering

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 25-25
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    2. Calculation of Microwave Doppler Spectra from the Ocean Surface with a Time-Dependent Composite Model

      • D. R. Thompson
      Pages 27-40

    3. Limitations of the Two-Scale Theory for Microwave Backscatter from The Ocean

      • P. L. C. Jeynes
      Pages 41-47

    4. First Results of the Viers-1 Experiment

      • D. Van Halsema, Bernd Jähne, W. A. Oost, C. Calkoen, P. Snoeij
      Pages 49-57

  4. The energy balance in short waves

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 59-59
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    2. Effects of Reduced Surface Tension on Short Waves at Low Wind Speeds in a Fresh Water Lake

      • Kristina B. Katsaros, Hermann Gucinski, Serhad S. Ataktürk, Robert Pincus
      Pages 61-74

    3. The Energy Balance in Short Gravity Waves

      • G. J. Komen
      Pages 75-79

    4. Derivation of Phillips α-Parameter from Turbulent Diffusion as a Damping Mechanism

      • W. Rosenthal
      Pages 81-88

    5. Temporal and Spatial Variability of the Wind Stress Vector

      • Gerald L. Geernaert
      Pages 89-104

    6. Energy Balance in Small-Scale Waves — An Experimental Approach Using Optical Slope Measuring Technique and Image Processing

      • Bernd Jähne
      Pages 105-120

    7. On the Changes in Phase Speed of One Train of Water Waves in the Presence of Another

      • S. J. Hogan, Idith Gruman, M. Stiassnie
      Pages 121-137

  5. Perturbation of the gravity-capillary wave spectrum by current variation

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 139-139
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    2. SAR Imaging of Ocean Waves in the Presence of Variable Currents

      • Gaspar R. Valenzuela
      Pages 141-153

    3. The Modulation Transfer Function: Concept and Applications

      • William J. Plant
      Pages 155-172

    4. Measurement of Short Wave Modulation by Long Waves Using Stereophotography and a Laser-Slope Sensor in Toward

      • O. H. Shemdin
      Pages 173-181

    5. The Surface Signatures of Internal Waves in the Ocean: Introduction and Systematics

      • J. O. Thomas, A. C. Edwards
      Pages 183-193
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Keywords

About this book

Ten years ago, de Loor and co-workers at TNO, The Netherlands, were the first to report bottom topography patterns in real aperture radar (RAR) images of the southern North Sea. At that time, this was a real puzzle. The skin depth of microwaves for sea water is only of the order of centimeters while the sea bottom is about 20 meters below the surface. Electromagnetic radiation therefore cannot probe the bottom directly. Similar phenomena were found in radar imagery from SEASAT and SIR-AlB synthetic aperture radars (SAR's) of Nantucket Shoals, the English Channel and many other coastal areas. Since then theory and ocean field experiments (Le., Phelps Bank, Georgia Straits, SARSEX, TOWARD, FASINEX, etc.) have advanced our understanding considerably. We now know that these surface signatures are the results of surface currents, perturbed by the bottom topography, which refract the propagation and modulate the energy of (short) surface waves so as to cause microwave backscatter power variations. Hence, any large scale ocean features containing nonuniform surface currents (i.e. internal waves, eddies, fronts, etc.) will cause similar manifestations in the radar imagery by means of current-wave-microwave interactions. Observations confirm this.

Editors and Affiliations

  • Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), De Bilt, The Netherlands

    G. J. Komen, W. A. Oost

Bibliographic Information

  • Book Title: Radar Scattering from Modulated Wind Waves

  • Book Subtitle: Proceedings of the Workshop on Modulation of Short Wind Waves in the Gravity-Capillary Range by Non-Uniform Currents, held in Bergen aan Zee, The Netherlands, 24–26 May 1988

  • Editors: G. J. Komen, W. A. Oost

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2309-6

  • Publisher: Springer Dordrecht

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

  • Copyright Information: Kluwer Academic Publishers 1989

  • Hardcover ISBN: 978-0-7923-0146-2Published: 31 March 1989

  • Softcover ISBN: 978-94-010-7537-4Published: 21 January 2012

  • eBook ISBN: 978-94-009-2309-6Published: 06 December 2012

  • Edition Number: 1

  • Number of Pages: X, 275

  • Topics: Oceanography, Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry, Atmospheric Sciences

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