Epidemiology of Arterial Blood Pressure

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xvi

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2. Methodological Studies

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

      PDF

   2. Measurement of Blood Pressure

      • A. C. Arntzenius, F. H. Bonjer, M. C. Huige, E. van Vollenhoven

      Pages 3-28

   3. Estimating Sodium Intake in Epidemiological Studies

      • P. Pietinen, J. Tuomilehto

      Pages 29-44

   4. Electrolytes and Creatinine in Multiple 24-Hour Urine Collections (1970–1974)

      • J. V. Joossens, J. Claessens, J. Geboers, J. H. Claes

      Pages 45-63

   5. Recommendations of the Working Group on the Methodology and Standardization of Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Measurement in Epidemiological Studies

      • H. Kesteloot, J. V. Joossens

      Pages 65-68

3. Epidemiology and Blood Pressure in Children

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 69-69

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   2. Importance of Blood Pressures in Children

      • G. S. Berenson, A. W. Voors, L. S. Webber

      Pages 77-97

   3. Distribution and Determinants of Blood Pressure in Free-Living Children

      • A. Hofman, H. A. Valkenburg

      Pages 99-117

4. Epidemiology of Blood Pressure in Adolescents and Children

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 119-119

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   2. Blood Pressure Distribution and Determinants in a Sample of Adolescent and Adult Belgian Population

      • J. C. Demanet, K. Samii, G. Rorive, Y. Maus, E. Coussaert, P. Smets

      Pages 121-144

   3. Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Adolescent Population of Cologne

      • U. Laaser, A. Schütt

      Pages 145-162

   4. Hypertension and its Distribution in Prague

      • H. Geizerová, J. Widimský, Z. Piša, J. Hurych, Z. Hejl, H. Pistulková

      Pages 163-171

5. Blood Pressure Distribution in Adults

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 173-173

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   2. Epidemiology of Arterial Blood Pressure in Portugal

      • J. Pereira Miguel, F. de Pádua

      Pages 175-185

   3. Screening of Hypertension in a Large French Professional Group

      • J. L. Richard, C. Bloch, M. T. Guillanneuf, J. Lellouch

      Pages 187-205

   4. Epidemiology of Essential Hypertension in Yugoslavia

      • Dj. Kozarević, D. McGee

      Pages 207-216

   5. Epidemiology of Blood Pressure in the German Democratic Republic

      • S. Böthig, I. Böthig

      Pages 217-225

6. Determinants of Blood Pressure in Low Blood Pressure Populations

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 227-227

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   2. Sodium Homeostasis and Low Blood Pressure Populations

      • W. J. Oliver

      Pages 229-241

Hypertension is a major health problem and contrary to ischemic heart disease, which occurs only in Western countries, its distribution is almost universal. It is this universality that has prompted us to gather, in this book, data on arterial blood pressure obtained in different parts of the world. Moreover, cerebrovascular mortality, which is the commonest cause of death from hypertension, is decreasing in most Western countries and in Japan, and the reasons for this are still far from clear. A major problem in comparing blood pressure values from different centers is the standardization of the measurement. Complete standardization will never be achieved if one takes into account the numerous factors that may influence blood pressure in epidemiological studies. Whether blood pressures are measured by doctors or by technicians, are recorded at home, in the working place or in a hospital, in sitting, standing or supine position, and is taken during the same examination-all of these whether a blood sample factors can influence blood pressure measurement. But meals, time of day (blood pressure being higher in the evening), heart rate, cuff size, stethoscope used, digit preference, month of year, temperature, etc., can equally influence the measurement. Home reading of arterial blood pressure at standardized times is probably the best answer to all of these problems and has been used with gratifying results in a comparative study between Belgium and Korea.

• Migration
• cancer
• cardiovascular
• epidemiological
• epidemiology
• hypertension
• prevention

• Department of Cardiology, St.-Rafaël University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium

  H. Kesteloot

• Department of Epidemiology, St.-Rafaël University Hospital, Leuven, Belgium

  J. V. Joossens

Policies and ethics