Effects of Accumulation of Air Pollutants in Forest Ecosystems

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xvii

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2. A Concept of Forest Ecosystem Stability and of Acid Deposition as Driving Force for Destabilization

   1. A Concept of Forest Ecosystem Stability and of Acid Deposition as Driving Force for Destabilization

      • B. Ulrich

      Pages 1-29

3. Processes and Rates of Deposition, Storage Places of Deposited Air Pollutants

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 31-31

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   2. Interaction of Forest Canopies with Atmospheric Constituents: So2, Alkali and Earth Alkali Cations and Chloride

      • Bernhard Ulrich

      Pages 33-45

   3. Interaction of Forest Canopies with Atmospheric Constituents: Aluminum and Heavy Metals

      • Robert Mayer

      Pages 47-55

   4. Input of Acidifiers and Heavy Metals to a German Forest Area Due to Dry and Wet Deposition

      • Klaus D. Höfken

      Pages 57-64

   5. Processes and Rates of Deposition of Air Pollutants in Different Ecosystems

      • W. Thomas, W. Rieβ, R. Herrmann

      Pages 65-82

   6. Measurements of Surface Resistance During Dry Deposition of So2 to Wet and Dry Coniferous Forest

      • L. Granat

      Pages 83-89

4. Processes and Rates of Proton Production by Discoupling of the Ion Cycle, and of Proton Consumption by Silicate Weathering

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 91-91

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   2. The Turnover of Protons by Mineralization and Ion Uptake in a Beech (Fagus Silvatica) and a Norway Spruce Ecosystem

      • E. Matzner, B. Ulrich

      Pages 93-103

   3. Effects on Soil Chemistry as a Consequence of Proton Input

      • S. Ingvar Nilsson

      Pages 105-111

   4. Holocene Versus Accelerated Actual Proton Consumption in German Forest Soils

      • M. J. Mazzarino, H. Heinrichs, H. Fölster

      Pages 113-123

5. Effects on Chemical Soil State

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 125-125

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   2. Soil Acidity and its Relations to Acid Deposition

      • B. Ulrich

      Pages 127-146

   3. Balances of Element Fluxes within Different Ecosystems Impacted by Acid Rain

      • E. Matzner

      Pages 147-155

   4. A Mechanism for Storage and Retrieval of Acid in Acid Soils

      • J. Prenzel

      Pages 157-170

   5. Effects of Atmospheric Ammonium Sulfate on Calcareous and Non-Calcareous Soils of Woodlands in the Netherlands

      • N. van Breemen, E. R. Jordens

      Pages 171-182

   6. Studies of Proton Flux in Forests and Heaths in Scotland

      • Hugh G. Miller

      Pages 183-193

   7. Composition of Percolate from Reconstructed Profiles of Two Jack Pine Forest Soils as Influenced by Acid Input

      • Ian K. Morrison

      Pages 195-206

   8. Sulphur Pollution: Ca, Mg and Al in Soil and Soil Water and Possible Effects on Forest Trees

      • Gunnar Abrahamsen

      Pages 207-218

This volume is based on a workshop on "Effects of accumulation of air pollutants in forest ecosystems'; held in GOttingen, Federal Republic of Germany, from May 16-18, 1982. This work'shop was initiated and sponsored by the Environmental Agency of the Federal Republic of Germany (project officer: Dr. J. Pankrath) as part of a research contract (project leader: Dr. B. Ulrich). THE PROBLEM SEEN UNDER THE ASPECT OF ADMINISTRATION The problem of forest damage caused by air pollution is not new in Europe. Already in 1983 a comprehensive report from Schroeder and Reuss about vegetation damages by fume in the Harz mountains was published. In 1923, Prof. Dr. Julius Stocklasa of the Bohemian Technical Highschool in Prague was concerned with research of toxical effects of sulphur dioxide in his publication "The damage of vegetation by flue gas and exhalations of facili­ ties". This comprehensive and instructive work concludes with the sentence: "It is already high time for the governments of all cultural states to take legal, police and private measures in order to prevent damage by flue gases". In the neighbourhood of industries with high gaseous and dust emissions damages have been shown to occur for a long timei these deleterious effects have influenced the growth of trees and in extreme cases have even caused their early death.

• Acid rain
• Weather
• chemistry
• ecosystem
• emission
• environment
• environmental pollution
• pollution
• air pollution and air quality

• Institut für Bodenkunde und Waldernährung der Universität Göttingen, West Germany

  B. Ulrich

• Umweltbundesamt, Berlin (West), Germany

  J. Pankrath

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