Biomaterials in Otology

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XIV

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2. History of Middle Ear Implants

   1. History of Middle Ear Implants

      • D. Plester

      Pages 1-5

3. Fundamental Aspects

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 7-7

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   2. On Alloplasts for Otology

      • Charles A. Homsy

      Pages 9-17

   3. Behaviour of Bioimplants in the Middle Ear. an Experimental Study

      • W. Kuijpers

      Pages 18-28

   4. Tissue Response to Porous Materials used for Ossicular Replacement Prostheses

      • M. Spector, J. F. Teichgraeber, J. H. Per-lee, R. T. Jackson

      Pages 29-40

   5. The Closure of Dural Defects with Proplast™

      • Rick Clark, Jon Robertson, John J. Shea, Koichi Tomoda

      Pages 41-49

   6. Ceramic Implant Materials, Possible Applications and their Limits

      • G. Heimke

      Pages 50-61

   7. Bioglass™ Implants for Otology

      • L. L. Hench, June Wilson, G. Merwin

      Pages 62-69

   8. Macor Ceramic in Soft and Hard Tissue

      • M. Pauler, H. Plenck

      Pages 70-73

   9. Histological Studies on the Suitability of Macor-Ceramic Middle Ear Implants

      • K. Jahnke, C. Schmidt

      Pages 74-79

   10. Calciumphosphate Ceramics: Biomaterials for Middle Ear Implants

       • K. De Groot

       Pages 80-83

   11. Biodegradation of Calciumphosphate Ceramics-Ultrastructural Geometry and Dissolubility of Different Calciumphosphate Ceramics

       • Christel P. A. T. Klein, A. A. Driessen, K. De Groot

       Pages 84-92

   12. Hydroxyapatite in the Infected Middle Ear

       • C. A. Van Blitterswijk, J. J. Grote, W. Kuypers

       Pages 93-104

   13. An Electrocochleographic Study of the Effect of Plaster of Paris Implanted in the Middle Ear of the Guinea Pig

       • O. Högset, G. Bredberg, H. Ericson, B. Lindström

       Pages 105-116

4. Plastic Implants

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 117-117

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   2. Columellar Tympanoplasty

      • David F. Austin

      Pages 119-126

   3. Torps and Porps: Personal Experiences a Report on 446 Operations

      • James L. Sheehy

      Pages 127-136

   4. Polyethylene Torps and Porps in Otologic Surgery

      • J. R. Shea, J. R. Emmett

      Pages 137-152

   5. Plastipore Torp with Peg

      • J. J. Shea

      Pages 153-154

The need for better implant materials was a stimulus for the increa­ sing knowledge of Biomaterial Scientists. Different surgical disciplines were very successful in the use of prostheses, especially because they based their surgery on a good cooperation with fundamental scientists. The use of alloplastic implant materials in the reconstruction of the middle ear has not always been successful. We all know the initial suc­ cess in the sixties and the disappointments after short term follow-up periods. Because of these failures, Otology missed contact with the new developments in Biomaterial Science. However, we must realize that in the reconstruction of a sound conducting system our most successful results are achieved with alloplastic implants. John Shea introduced the use of Teflonprostheses in the restoration of hearing in otosclerosis and ever since this has been the most rewarding reconstructive middle ear opera­ tion. With the development of the intact canal wall techniques and the use of homologous implant materials the problems of middle ear surgery see­ med to be solved. However, we now know that closed techniques have dis­ advantages after longer post-operative periods and the use of homologous implant materials give problems. Collection of these implants is not al­ ways easy and the preservation is still in discussion. Furthermore, pro­ blems of resorption, rejection or fixation give uncertain post-operative results. Middle ear prostheses of different new implant materials are promoted by industry and good results are published, but also disappointments after shorter or longer periods.

• biomaterial
• ear
• hearing
• implant
• reconstruction
• surgery
• tissue

• ENT-Department, University Hospital, Leiden, The Netherlands

  J. J. Grote

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