The Logic of Multiparty Systems

1. Front Matter

   Pages 1-10

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2. Introduction

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 11-11

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   2. An Introduction into the Logic of Multiparty Systems

      • Manfred J. Holler

      Pages 13-48

3. Efficiency and Stability Concepts in Multiparty Voting

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 49-49

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   2. Bargaining in Weighted Majority Voting Games

      • Norman Schofield

      Pages 51-65

   3. Nash Bargaining Solutions of Multiparty Bargaining Problems

      • Elaine Bennett

      Pages 67-78

   4. Manipulation of Voting Mechanisms

      • Taradas Bandyopadhyay

      Pages 79-96

   5. Manipulation in a Multiparty Parliament: The Case of the Norwegian Storting

      • Bjørn Erik Rasch

      Pages 97-112

   6. On the Existence of Political Equilibrium in a Three-Party System with Plurality Voting

      • Friedrich Breyer

      Pages 113-127

   7. Elections with N Voters, M Candidates and K Issues

      • Donald Wittman

      Pages 129-134

4. Multipartism and Political Stability

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 135-135

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   2. Bargaining Theory and Cabinet Stability in European Coalition Governments 1945–1983

      • Norman Schofield, Michael Laver

      Pages 137-152

   3. Multipartism

      • Jan-Erik Lane, Svante Ersson

      Pages 153-172

   4. The Competitive Consequences of Polarized Pluralism

      • G. Bingham Powell Jr.

      Pages 173-189

   5. On the Importance of Elections and Ideology for Government Policy in a Multi-Party System

      • Paul S. A. Renaud, Frans A. A. M. van Winden

      Pages 191-207

   6. The Politigal Economy of Roll Call Voting In the “Multi-Party” Congress of the United States

      • Keith T. Poole, Howard Rosenthal

      Pages 209-222

   7. Parties and Party Systems in Latin America

      • Nikolaus Werz

      Pages 223-243

   8. The Stability of Party Duopoly in Multi-Party Britain

      • David Willis

      Pages 245-263

   9. The Geography of Party Support: Comparative Studies in Electoral Stability

      • R. J. Johnston, A. B. O’Neill, P. J. Taylor

      Pages 265-279

5. Electoral System Effects

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 281-281

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What determines the number of political parties in a democracy? Electoral rules certainly influence the incentives to create and maintain parties. However, a society's political culture can maintain parties despite electoral rules that give them poor prospects of success. Thus, comparing the number of parties and differences in electoral rules across countries cannot clearly test the effect of the electoral rules. A better test would examine a society with a fairly continuous political culture, but a change in electoral rules. Postwar France is such a society. While the basic social order has not changed, there was a drastic change in the electoral system in 1958, which theory implies would reduce the number of parties. Thus we can test the hypothesis that the number of parties fell with the change in electoral system. We can also calculate an " equivalent number of parties· to see how closely France approached a two - party system under the new regime. The first section describes the electoral rules under the Fourth and Fifth Republics. The second section develops a model that indicates how the change in electoral rules should have affected the incentives for multiple parties. The third section tests the hypothesis that the number of parties fell from the Fourth to the Fifth Republic. 1. Electoral Rules In the French Fourth Republic (1945 - 1958) political parties existed largely to serve the direct interests of their members.

• Legislative
• Parliament
• Parties and party system
• Party
• Sozialdemokratische Partei Europas
• geschäftsordnung
• logic

• Institute of Economics and Statistics, University of Aarhus, Aarhus C, Denmark

  Manfred J. Holler

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