Physico-Chemical Characterisation of Plant Residues for Industrial and Feed Use

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-vi

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2. Introduction

   • A. Chesson, E. R. Ørskov

   Pages 1-2

3. Use of Modern NMR Spectroscopy in Plant Cell Wall Research

   • D. S. Himmelsbach

   Pages 3-12

4. Near- and Mid-Infrared Studies of the Cell Wall Structure of Cereal Straw in Relation to its Rumen Degradability

   • J. D. Russell, I. Murray, A. R. Fraser

   Pages 13-24

5. An Introduction to Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry of Lingnocellulosic Material: Case Studies on Barley Straw, Corn Stem and Agropyron

   • J. J. Boon

   Pages 25-49

6. Cell Wall Autofluorescence

   • M. T. M. Willemse

   Pages 50-57

7. Light Microscopy and Histology of Lignocellulose Related to Biodegradation

   • D. E. Akin

   Pages 58-64

8. Electron Microscopy as a Method to Evaluate Structure and Degradation of Plant Cell Walls

   • E. Grenet

   Pages 65-79

9. Some Properties of Cell Wall layers Determining Ruminant Digestion

   • F. M. Engels

   Pages 80-87

10. Identification and Importance of Polyphenolic Compounds in Crop Residues

    • I. Mueller-Harvey

    Pages 88-109

11. 13C-NMR Spectroscopy of Lignins and Lignocellulosic Materials

    • R. Fründ, H.-D. Lüdemann

    Pages 110-117

12. Lignin Characterization of Wheat Straw Samples as Determined by Chemical Degradation Procedures

    • C. Lapierre, D. Jouin, B. Monties

    Pages 118-130

13. Determination of Phenolic Compounds from Lignocellulosic By-Products by HPLC with Electrochemical Detector

    • G. C. Galletti, R. Piccaglia, V. Concialini, M. T. Lippolis

    Pages 131-139

14. Electrochemical Approaches to the Oxidative Degradation of Lignins and Lignocellulosic Materials

    • V. Concialini, M. T. Lippolis, G. C. Galletti, R. Piccaglia

    Pages 140-146

15. Methods for the Evaluation of Lignin Properties Suitable for Conversion

    • A. Hüttermann, O. Milstein, B. Nicklas, J. Trojanowski, A. Haars, A. Kharazipour

    Pages 147-157

16. Comparison of Chemical and Biological Methods for Predicting Feed Intakes and Animal Performance

    • E. R. Ørskov, G. W. Reid

    Pages 158-166

17. Back Matter

    Pages 167-170

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The workshop reported in this volume is one of a series sponsored by the Commission of the European Communities, Directorate-General for Science, Research and Development (DG XII), under the Concerted Action Programme COST 84-bis, entitled "Use of lignocellulose containing by-products and other plant residues for animal feeding". Since COST 84-bis was established there has been a major shift of emphasis in agricultural research in Europe, with the development of alternative uses for crops and their by-products becoming a priority issue. In recognition of this recent workshops he,ld under the aegis of COST 84-bis have been equally concerned with the potential of lignocellulosic residues to form the feedstock for a variety of new and established industrial uses in addition to their established use as animal feed. Development of strategies for the use of plants or plant residues with a high cell wall content is dependant on knowledge of cell wall structure and organisation and how structure relates to the behaviour of the wall during mechanical, chemical or biological processing. Progress in cell wall research has been greatly facilitated by the substantial developments in methods of instrumental analysis that have occurred during the last decade. Plant tissues now can be examined in far greater detail and far more rapidly than was hitherto possible, often without the need for extraction or modification of the cell wall or its component polymers.

• Instrumental Analysis
• biological
• cell wall
• cellulose
• corn
• crops
• development
• fluorescence
• mass spectrometry
• microscopy
• nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
• plants
• spectrometry
• structure
• wheat

• Rowett Research Institute, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK

  A. Chesson, E. R. Ørskov

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