Patterns of Symmetry Breaking

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-2

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2. Symmetry Breaking and Defects

   • T. W. B. Kibble

   Pages 3-36

3. Liquid 4He and its Superfluidity

   • O. J. Griffiths, P. C. Hendry, P. V. E. McClintock, H. A. Nichol

   Pages 37-82

4. The Role of Topological Defects in Cosmology

   • M. Sakellariadou

   Pages 83-110

5. Cosmic Defects and Particle Physics Constraints

   • A. C. Davis

   Pages 111-138

6. Introduction to the Modern Theory of Phase Transitions

   • Jozef Sznajd

   Pages 139-159

7. Defects in Liquid Crystals: Surface and Interfacial Anchoring Effects

   • O. D. Lavrentovich

   Pages 161-195

8. Scaling Laws for Fluxon Formation in Annular Josephson Tunnel Junctions

   • R. Monaco, R. J. Rivers

   Pages 197-207

9. Nonholonomic Field Theory of Vortices and Defect and their Physe Transitions

   • H. Kleinert

   Pages 209-272

10. Vortices and Flat Directions: The Uses of Bogomolnyi Bounds

    • A. Achucarro

    Pages 273-285

11. Evolution of Local Vortices and Interfaces

    • Henryk Arodz

    Pages 287-311

12. Non-Equilibrium Mott Transition in a Lattice of Bose-Einstein Condensates

    • J. Dziarmaga, A. Smerzi, W. H. Zurek, A. R. Bishop

    Pages 313-333

13. Spontaneous Breakdown of Chiral Symmetry in QCD

    • Maciej A. Nowak

    Pages 335-365

14. Domain Wall Solutions

    • Tanmay Vachaspati

    Pages 367-379

15. Phenomenology of Effective Gravity

    • G. E. Volovik

    Pages 381-404

The conceptofspontaneous symmetry breaking plays a fundamental role in contemporary physics. It is essential for the description of degenerate ground states, massless modes, and topological defects. Examples are abundant in condensed matter physics, atomic and particle physics, as well as in astro­ physics and cosmology. In fact, spontaneous symmetry breaking can be re­ garded as a cornerstone ofa whole branch ofphysics which intersects the above mentioned traditionally distinct fields. In the year 2000 the European Science Foundation (ESF) started the Pro­ gramme "Cosmology in the Laboratory" (COSLAB), with the goal to search for and to develop analogies betweencondensed matterphysics, particle physics, and cosmology. Not surprisingly, spontaneous symmetry breaking is among the most useful notions in that endeavour. It has been decided that in the sec­ ond year of the Programme a School should be held in order to work out and deliver to a wide audience of students synthetic overviews of achievements and of current research topics of COSLAB. This idea has been supported by the Scientific and Environmental Affairs Division of NATO by including the School in the renowned series of its Advanced Study Institutes. The School, entitled" Patterns of Symmetry Breaking", was held in Cracow during 16-28 September 2002. It gathered 17 lecturers and about 60 students. The present volume contains notes ofmost of the lectures from that School. We hope that of the physics of spon­ it will convey to the reader the breadth and the beauty taneous symmetry breaking.

• Cosmology
• EFE
• Gravity
• Renormalization group
• Theoretical physics
• Universe
• energy and momentum

• Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland

  Henryk Arodz, Jacek Dziarmaga

• Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, USA

  Wojciech Hubert Zurek

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