Special Economic Zones in India

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xxix

   PDF

2. Introduction

   • Arpita Mukherjee, Parthapratim Pal, Saubhik Deb, Subhobrota Ray, Tanu M. Goyal

   Pages 1-13

3. SEZs in Select Countries: A Comparison with India

   • Arpita Mukherjee, Parthapratim Pal, Saubhik Deb, Subhobrota Ray, Tanu M. Goyal

   Pages 15-50

4. SEZs in India: Evolution, Policy Framework and Current Status

   • Arpita Mukherjee, Parthapratim Pal, Saubhik Deb, Subhobrota Ray, Tanu M. Goyal

   Pages 51-72

5. Performance of SEZs

   • Arpita Mukherjee, Parthapratim Pal, Saubhik Deb, Subhobrota Ray, Tanu M. Goyal

   Pages 73-96

6. Quality of the Business Environment: SEZs Versus DTA

   • Arpita Mukherjee, Parthapratim Pal, Saubhik Deb, Subhobrota Ray, Tanu M. Goyal

   Pages 97-116

7. Special SEZs for Services: India’s Experiences and the Way Forward

   • Arpita Mukherjee, Parthapratim Pal, Saubhik Deb, Subhobrota Ray, Tanu M. Goyal

   Pages 117-152

8. SEZs and Other Industrial Clusters: Why Incentives Have Not Been Successful in Developing Manufacturing in India?

   • Arpita Mukherjee, Parthapratim Pal, Saubhik Deb, Subhobrota Ray, Tanu M. Goyal

   Pages 153-170

9. SEZs in the Multilateral Trading System

   • Arpita Mukherjee, Parthapratim Pal, Saubhik Deb, Subhobrota Ray, Tanu M. Goyal

   Pages 171-198

10. Special Economic Zones and Regional Trade Agreements

    • Arpita Mukherjee, Parthapratim Pal, Saubhik Deb, Subhobrota Ray, Tanu M. Goyal

    Pages 199-217

11. Challenges Faced by SEZs in India and the Way Forward

    • Arpita Mukherjee, Parthapratim Pal, Saubhik Deb, Subhobrota Ray, Tanu M. Goyal

    Pages 219-246

12. Back Matter

    Pages 247-254

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This book examines India’s ten years of experience developing Special Economic Zones (SEZs) and the performance of SEZs in the context of India’s growing international engagement, its endeavours to attract domestic and foreign investment in manufacturing and services and its aim to increase and diversify exports of goods and services. SEZs are industrial enclaves/clusters within a country that receive certain incentives and business facilitation benefits that are not generally available to the rest of the country. To facilitate private and foreign investment in SEZs, India introduced the SEZ policy in 2000, which was followed by the SEZ Act in 2005. After ten years under the Act, India now has one of the largest number of approved SEZs in the world and its SEZ policy remains heatedly debated, with a number of studies arguing both for and against it. Given this background, the book also identifies the challenges faced by SEZs inIndia and offers policy recommendations on how to make the SEZs an engine for India’s economic growth and development that can more effectively link the country’s manufacturing and services sectors to global value chains.

• Business Environment
• Economic Policy
• Special Economic Zones
• Trade
• Trade Policy
• India
• SEZs
• Trade and Investment

• (ICRIER), Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi, India

  Arpita Mukherjee

• Indian Institute of Management, Kolkata, India

  Parthapratim Pal

• Economist and Independent Consultant, Kolkata, India

  Saubhik Deb

• Economist and Independent Consultant, DLF Welington Estate, W2B 122 Economist and Independent Consultant, Gurugram, India

  Subhobrota Ray

• Consultant, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations, New Delhi, India

  Tanu M Goyal

Dr. Arpita Mukherjee is a Professor at the Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER). She has several years of experience in policy-oriented research, working closely with the government in India and policymakers in the EU, US, ASEAN and East Asian countries. She has conducted studies for various international organizations and Indian industrial associations. Her research is a key contributor to India’s negotiating strategies in the WTO and bilateral agreements. She has authored chapters in joint study group reports set up by the Indian government and has led research teams contributing to India’s domestic policy reforms in areas such as logistics, retail and special economic zones. Her research interests include trade and domestic reforms; the WTO; bilateral/regional agreements; retail; infrastructure; FDI; special economic zones; economic corridors and production networks; and migration. Dr Mukherjee has a PhD in Economics from the University of Portsmouth, UK. She has published widely and presented her research in various international and national forums.


Dr. Parthapratim Pal is a Professor at the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Calcutta. He has a Masters, MPhil and Ph.D. in Economics from the Center for Economic Studies and Planning of Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi. Before joining the IIM, he worked with the Indian Council for Research in International Economic Relations (ICRIER), Economic Research Foundation (ERF) and the Indian Institute of Foreign Trade (IIFT). He has engaged in numerous consultancy and research projects for the Ministry of Commerce, Ministry of Agriculture, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), WTO, UNCTAD and British High Commission. His recentareas of interest include international trade, regional trade agreements, WTO related issues and international capital flows. He has produced a number of publications in nationally and internationally reputed journals and books.


Dr. Saubhik Deb is an economist and independent consultant, specialized in the evaluation of public sector programs and randomized controlled trials. He was an economist with the World Bank at Washington DC and worked on evaluations of various World Bank projects, country assistance programs and thematic evaluations in the areas of aid effectiveness, gender and development, global food crisis etc. He has also worked as external consultant for the ADB and ICRIER. He is currently working in the areas of development economics and open-economy macroeconomics and has published his work in various forums. Dr. Deb has a Ph.D. in Economics from Rutgers University, USA and M.A. and M.Phil. from Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi.


Subhobrota Ray is an economist and an independent consultant. Currently she is working on projects with ICRIER and CII. She has several years of research and project management experience with premier chambers of commerce (CII and Indian Chamber of Commerce) and economic research institutes (ICRIER). She has been involved in industry related research spanning a wide spectrum of sectors. She is a university rank holder with a post-graduate degree in Economics from Presidency College, Calcutta University, and has been awarded a First Prize - Presidential Award (1996) for a paper on “Vision of South Asia and How That Vision Should Be Realised” among participants from SAARCcountries.


Tanu M. Goyal is a Consultant at ICRIER. Her research interests include trade in services, foreign direct investment issues and retail. She has several years of research experience and has worked on projects for the Government of India, Asian Development Bank (ADB), and the European Commission (EC), among others. She has conducted an evaluation study for a cluster development scheme of the Indian Government and has extensive field experience and knowledge of Government’s policies on the topic. She has published several international and national journal articles, book chapters, reports and other popular media articles on policy and trade issues. She has a Masters degree in Economics with specialisation in the world economy from the Centre of Trade and Development (CITD), Jawaharlal Nehru University,New Delhi.

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