The Biology of Biodiversity

1. Front Matter

   Pages II-XII

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2. Species Diversity and Phylogeny

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. The Origin of Reproductive Isolation: Biological Mechanisms of Genetic Incompatibility

      • Kyoichi Sawamura

      Pages 3-19

   3. A Molecular Perspective on the Conservation of Diversity

      • Craig Moritz

      Pages 21-34

   4. Mitochondrial Molecular Clocks and the Origin of Euteleostean Biodiversity: Familial Radiation of Perciforms May Have Predated the Cretaceous/Tertiary Boundary

      • Yoshinori Kumazawa, Motoomi Yamaguchi, Mutsumi Nishida

      Pages 35-52

   5. Molecular α-Taxonomy of a Morphologically Simple Fern Asplenium nidus Complex from Mt. Halimun National Park, Indonesia

      • Noriaki Murakami, Yoko Yatabe, Hisako Iwasaki, Dedy Darnaedi, Kunio Iwatsuki

      Pages 53-66

   6. Adaptive Radiation, Dispersal, and Diversification of the Hawaiian Lobeliads

      • Thomas J. Givnish

      Pages 67-90

   7. Phylogenetic Analyses of Large Data Sets: Approaches Using the Angiosperms

      • Douglas E. Soltis, Pamela S. Soltis

      Pages 91-103

3. Ecological Biodiversity

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 105-105

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   2. The Theory and Practice of the Science of Biodiversity: A Personal Assessment

      • Otto T. Solbrig

      Pages 107-117

   3. Biodiversity and Ecosystem Processes: Theory, Achievements and Future Directions

      • John H. Lawton

      Pages 119-131

   4. Creeping ‘Fruitless Falls’: Reproductive Failure in Heterostylous Plants in Fragmented Landscapes

      • Izumi Washitani

      Pages 133-145

   5. Population Persistence and Community Diversity in a Naturally Patchy Landscape: Plants on Serpentine Soils

      • Susan Harrison

      Pages 147-159

   6. Patterns of Tree Species Diversity Among Tropical Rain Forests

      • Peter S. Ashton, J. V. LaFrankie

      Pages 161-177

   7. Functional Differentiation and Positive Feedback Enhancing Plant Biodiversity

      • Takashi Kohyama, Eizi Suzuki, Shin-ichiro Aiba, Tatsuyuki Seino

      Pages 179-191

4. Development and Evolution

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 193-193

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   2. Developmental Genetics and the Diversity of Animal Form: Hox Genes in Arthropods

      • Michael Akam

      Pages 195-208

   3. Developmental Mechanisms Underlying the Origin and Evolution of Chordates

      • Nori Satoh, Kohji Hotta, Gouki Satoh, Shunsuke Taguchi, Hitoyoshi Yasuo, Kuni Tagawa et al.

      Pages 209-222

   4. The Regulation of Dorsiventral Symmetry in Plants

      • Stefan Gleissberg, Minsung Kim, Judy Jernstedt, Neelima Sinha

      Pages 223-241

   5. Evolution of Reproductive Organs in Vascular Plants

      • Mitsuyasu Hasebe, Motomi Ito

      Pages 243-255

Biological diversity, or biodiversity, refers to the universal attribute of all living organisms that each individual being is unique - that is, no two organisms are identical. The biology of biodiversity must include all the aspects of evolutionary and ecological sciences analyzing the origin, changes, and maintenance of the di­ versity of living organisms. Today biodiversity, which benefits human life in vari­ ous ways, is threatened by the expansion of human activities. Biological research in biodiversity contributes not only to understanding biodiversity itself but also to its conservation and utilization. The Biology of Biodiversity was the specialty area of the 1998 International Prize for Biology. The International Prize for Biology was established in 1985 in commemoration of the sixty-year reign of the Emperor Showa and his longtime devotion to biological research. The 1998 Prize was awarded to Professor Otto Thomas Solbrig, Harvard University, one of the authors of this book. In conjunction with the awarding of the International Prize for Biology, the 14th International Symposium with the theme of The Biology of Biodiversity was held in Hayama on the 9th and 10th of December 1998, with financial support by an international symposium grant from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan. The invited speakers were chosen so as to cover four basic aspects of biodiversity: species diversity and phylogeny, ecological biodiversity, development and evolution, and genetic diversity of living organisms including human beings.

• animals
• biodiversity
• biology
• development
• ecology
• ecosystem
• ecosystem processes
• evolution
• genetics
• phylogeny
• plant
• plants
• primates
• species diversity
• taxonomy

• Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

  Masahiro Kato

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