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Paradoxical Effects of Social Behavior

Essays in Honor of Anatol Rapoport

  • Book
  • © 1986

Overview

Editors:
  1. Andreas Diekmann

    1. Institut für Soziologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München 40, Germany

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  2. Peter Mitter

    1. Abteilung für Mathematische Methoden und Computerverfahren, Instituts für Höhere Studien, Wien, Austria

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Table of contents (23 chapters)

  1. Front Matter

    Pages I-XVI
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  2. Individual Utilities and Utilitarian Ethics

    • John C. Harsanyi
    Pages 1-12

  3. Some Paradoxes in Economics

    • Ole Hagen
    Pages 13-25

  4. Pragmatic Intuitions and Rational Choice

    • Russell Hardin
    Pages 27-36

  5. Guidelines for Solving Sen’s Paradox

    • Eckehart Köhler
    Pages 37-46

  6. System Breaks and Positive Feedback as Sources of Catastrophe

    • Kenneth E. Boulding
    Pages 47-54

  7. Social Structure and the Emergence of Norms among Rational Actors

    • James S. Coleman
    Pages 55-83

  8. Conditions for Cooperation in Problematic Social Situations

    • Werner Raub, Thomas Voss
    Pages 85-103

  9. The Evolution of Reciprocal Cooperation

    • Rudolf A. Schüßler
    Pages 105-121

  10. Is it Always Efficient to be Nice? A Computer Simulation of Axelrod’s Computer Tournament

    • Christian Donninger
    Pages 123-134

  11. The Prisoner’s Dilemma and its Evolutionary Iteration

    • Werner Leinfellner
    Pages 135-148

  12. The Evolution of a Prisoner’s Dilemma in the Market

    • Karl-Dieter Opp
    Pages 149-167

  13. On Explaining the Rise of the New Social Movements in Germany

    • Lucian Kern, Hans-Georg Räder
    Pages 169-185

  14. Volunteer’s Dilemma. A Social Trap without a Dominant Strategy and some Empirical Results

    • Andreas Diekmann
    Pages 187-197

  15. Take-Some Games: The Commons Dilemma and a Land of Cockaigne

    • Peter Mitter
    Pages 199-208

  16. Games with Perceptive Commanders but with Indoctrinated or Less Perceptive Subordinates

    • Martin Shubik
    Pages 209-222

  17. Moral Sentiments and Self-Interest Reconsidered

    • Manfred J. Holler
    Pages 223-233

  18. On the Economic Virtues of Incompetency and Dishonesty

    • Andrew Schotter
    Pages 235-241

  19. New Chairman Paradoxes

    • Steven J. Brams, Dan S. Felsenthal, Zeev Maoz
    Pages 243-256

  20. Cumulative Effects of Sequential Decisions in Organizations

    • Jeroen Weesie, Reinhard Wippler
    Pages 257-279
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Keywords

About this book

In the history of science "paradoxes" are not only amusing puzzles and chal­ lenges to the human mind but also driving forces of scientific development. The notion of "paradox" is intimately related to the notion of "contradiction". Logi­ cal paradoxes allow for the derivation of contradictory propositions (e.g. "Rus­ sell's set of all sets not being members of themselves" or the ancient problem with propositions like "I am lying" 1), normative paradoxes deal with contradic­ tions among equally well accepted normative postulates (Arrow's "impossibility theorem", Sen's "Impossibility of a Paretian Liberal") and "factual" paradoxes refer to conflicts between conventional opinion based on an accepted empirical theory and contradictory empirical evidence (e.g. the "St. Petersburg paradox" or the "Allais paradox" in decision theory2). Paradoxes, either logical, normative or factual, also contradict our intui­ tions. The counter-intuitive property which seems to be a common feature of all paradoxes plays an important part in the empirical social sciences, particularly in the old research tradition of scrutinizing the unintended consequences of pur­ posive actions. Expectations based on naive theories ignoring interdependencies between individual actions are very often in conflict with "surprising" empirical evidence on collective results of social behavior. Examples are numerous reach­ ing from panic situations, the individual struggle for status gains resulting in collective deprivation, the less than optimal supply of collective goods etc. to global problems of the armament race and mismanagement of common resources.

Editors and Affiliations

  • Institut für Soziologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München 40, Germany

    Andreas Diekmann

  • Abteilung für Mathematische Methoden und Computerverfahren, Instituts für Höhere Studien, Wien, Austria

    Peter Mitter

Bibliographic Information

  • Book Title: Paradoxical Effects of Social Behavior

  • Book Subtitle: Essays in Honor of Anatol Rapoport

  • Editors: Andreas Diekmann, Peter Mitter

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-95874-8

  • Publisher: Physica Heidelberg

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

  • Copyright Information: Physica-Verlag Heidelberg 1986

  • Softcover ISBN: 978-3-7908-0350-1Published: 01 January 1986

  • eBook ISBN: 978-3-642-95874-8Published: 06 December 2012

  • Edition Number: 1

  • Number of Pages: XVI, 344

  • Topics: Population Economics, Sociology, general, Business and Management, general

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