Shoulder Stiffness

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-xi

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2. Classification and Epidemiology

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. The Pathogenesis and Classification of Shoulder Stiffness

      • Gregory I. Bain, Harry D. S. Clitherow

      Pages 3-19

   3. Epidemiology of Frozen Shoulder

      • Carina Cohen, Benno Ejnisman

      Pages 21-30

3. Etiology

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 31-31

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   2. Frozen Shoulder: Etiology (Idiopathic)

      • Richard Angelo, Alberto de Castro Pochini, Carlos Vicente Andreoli, Benno Ejnisman

      Pages 33-44

   3. Post-traumatic Shoulder Stiffness

      • Knut Beitzel, Andreas B. Imhoff

      Pages 45-48

   4. Postoperative Shoulder Stiffness After Rotator Cuff Repair

      • Benjamin Barden, Jessica DiVenere, Hardeep Singh, Augustus D. Mazzocca

      Pages 49-73

   5. Postoperative Shoulder Stiffness Following Surgical Repair of Shoulder Instability

      • Kevin D. Plancher, Stephanie C. Petterson

      Pages 75-80

   6. Postoperative Shoulder Stiffness: Arthroplasty and SLAP Repair

      • Felix H. Savoie III, Michael J. O’Brien

      Pages 81-95

   7. Other Causes of Shoulder Stiffness

      • Harry D. S. Clitherow, Gregory I. Bain, Augustus D. Mazzocca

      Pages 97-119

4. Anatomy and Biomechanics

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 121-121

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   2. Anatomy Related to the Range of Motion

      • Brian B. Gilmer, Dan Guttmann

      Pages 123-129

   3. Pathomechanics of Frozen Shoulder: A Basic Research Perspective

      • Yon-Sik Yoo

      Pages 131-136

   4. Rotator Interval and Stiffness

      • Catherine A. Logan, Petar Golijanin, Daniel J. Gross, Rachel M. Frank, Matthew T. Provencher

      Pages 137-145

5. Examinations

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 147-147

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   2. Pathophysiology of Frozen Shoulders: Histology and Laboratory Tests

      • Eiji Itoi, Yoshihiro Hagiwara

      Pages 149-153

   3. Clinical Symptoms and Physical Examinations

      • Ronald L. Diercks, Tom Clement Ludvigsen

      Pages 155-158

   4. Imaging of Stiff Shoulders

      • Hiroyuki Sugaya

      Pages 159-167

6. Conservative Treatment

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 169-169

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This book provides an up-to-date overview of the latest evidence regarding shoulder stiffness or frozen shoulder. All aspects are covered: epidemiology, etiology, anatomy and biomechanics, clinical symptoms, histology and laboratory tests, physical examinations, imaging studies and the various conservative and surgical treatment options. The book is published in cooperation with ISAKOS and reflects the conclusions of the Consensus Meeting of the ISAKOS Upper Extremity Committee in Amsterdam in May 2014, which brought together global opinion leaders in the field. Frozen shoulder itself remains shrouded in mystery. There is ongoing uncertainty over its causation and continuing relative neglect due to the belief that it is a self-limited disease despite the evidence that most patients fail to achieve complete recovery, with many experiencing persistent pain and stiffness. Shoulder Stiffness: Current Concepts and Concerns provides an excellent summary of present knowledge regarding frozen shoulder and will be of value to all who manage the condition.

• Adhesive capsulitis
• Capsular release
• Frozen shoulder
• Pericapsulitis
• Shoulder contracture
• conservative orthopedics

• Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan

  Eiji Itoi

• Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Instituto Argentino de Diagnóstico y Tratamiento, Buenos Aires, Argentina

  Guillermo Arce

• Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia

  Gregory I. Bain

• Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Groningen Sports Medicine Center, Groningen, The Netherlands

  Ronald L. Diercks

• Taos Orthopaedic Institute Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Taos, USA

  Dan Guttmann

• Orthpaedic Sports Medicine, University of Munich Hospital Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany

  Andreas B. Imhoff

• Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, Farmington, USA

  Augustus D. Mazzocca

• Funabashi Orthopaedic Sports Med Cn Shoulder & Elbow Service, Chiba, Japan

  Hiroyuki Sugaya

• Dept. of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea, Republic of (South Korea)

  Yon-Sik Yoo

Eiji Itoi, MD, PhD, is Professor and Chair, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan. Dr. Itoi is President of the Japan Shoulder Society and Chairman of the ISAKOS Upper Extremity Committee. He has been the recipient of various awards, including (twice) the Charles S. Neer Award from ASES, Richard B. Caspari Award from ISAKOS and (twice) the Jacques Duparc Award from EFORT. In 2013 Dr. Itoi was President of the 12th International Congress of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery.

Guillermo Arce, MD, is a member of the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Instituto Argentino de Diagnóstico y Tratamiento, Buenos Aires, Argentina and from 2004 to 2014 was Chairman and Director of the Buenos Aires Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine Center. Dr. Arce is Assistant Secretary of the ISAKOS Executive Committee and current President of the Latin American Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery and Sports Medicine. 

Greg Bain, MBBS, FRACS, FA(Ortho)A, PhD, is Professor of Upper Limb and Research at Flinders University in Adelaide, South Australia. He is former President of the Australian Shoulder and Elbow Society, Deputy Chairman of the ISAKOS Upper Limb Committee and current Deputy Editor of the Journal of Wrist Surgery. He has received the Australian Orthopaedic Association Research Award.

Ronald L. Diercks, MD, PhD, is Professor of Clinical Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, the Netherlands. Dr. Diercks is a member of the ISAKOS Upper Extremity Committee and a member of the scientific committees for the 2014 ESSKA Congress and the 2016 ICSES Congress. He has been a member of the editorial board of the American Journal of Sports Medicine since 2003.

Dan Guttmann, MD, is Director of the Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Service, Taos Orthopaedic Institute, Taos, New Mexico and Assistant Professor in the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine. Dr. Guttmann’s training included a Fellowship in Shoulder and Elbow Surgery at New York University/Hospital for Joint Diseases.

Andreas B. Imhoff, MD, is Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology and Chairman/Director of the Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany. He is a founder and Executive Board Member of the German Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology and an Executive Board Member of German Society of Orthopaedics. He has held various positions in ISAKOS, including as Program Chair.

Augustus D. Mazzocca, MS, MD, is Director of the New England Musculoskeletal Institute and Professor and Chairman, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA. He is also Director of the University of Connecticut Human Soft Tissue Research Laboratory. Dr. Mazzocca is an editorial board member for Orthopedics Today and Techniques in Shoulder and Elbow Surgery.

Hiroyuki Sugaya, MD, is Chairman and Director of the Shoulder and Elbow Center, Funabashi Orthopaedic Hospital, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan. Dr. Sugaya is an Executive Board Member of both the Japan Shoulder Society and the Japanese Orthopaedic Society of Sports Medicine. He is also a member of the ISAKOS Upper Extremity Committee. Dr. Sugaya is Assistant Editor of the Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery.

Yon-Sik Yoo, MD, is a Professor in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea. He is a member of the Editorial Committee of the Korean Shoulder and Elbow Society, the ISAKOS Shoulder Committee and the Scientific Committee of International Congress of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery.

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