Patenting of Human Genes and Living Organisms

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-X

   PDF

2. Introduction

   1. Introduction

      • Friedrich Vogel, Reinhard Grunwald

      Pages 1-4

3. Session 1

   1. Begrüßung

      • Albrecht Dihle

      Pages 5-5

   2. Welcoming Address

      • Albrecht Dihle

      Pages 6-6

   3. Patenting of Human Genes and Living Organisms — A Nightmare for the Scientist

      • F. Vogel

      Pages 7-11

   4. Patenting of Human Genes and Living Organisms — The Legal Situation in Europe

      • J. Straus

      Pages 12-29

   5. Remarks on “Technology Transfer and the Genome Program”

      • R. G. Adler

      Pages 30-34

4. Session 2

   1. Intellectual Property in the Field of Life Sciences

      • A. Saint-Rémy

      Pages 43-51

5. Session 3

   1. Legal Protection of Living Organisms from the Point of View of Scientists in Animal Breeding

      • H. Kräußlich

      Pages 65-75

   2. Legal Protection of Living Organisms from the Point of View of Scientists in Plant Breeding

      • I. Sela

      Pages 76-78

   3. “Patenting” of Living Organisms — Patents and Plant Breeders’ Rights — From the Point of View of Plant Breeders

      • P. Lange

      Pages 79-85

   4. Genetic Diversity and the Indian Seed Industry

      • M. S. Swaminathan

      Pages 86-93

   5. Patenting Living Organisms and Their Parts: The Point of View of Science Administration

      • R. Grunwald

      Pages 94-105

   6. Patenting of Human Genes and Living Organisms The Current Practice of the European Patent Office

      • Ch. Gugerell

      Pages 106-112

6. Session 4

   1. Patenting of Human Genes and Living Organisms: An Ethical Point of View

      • W. Ch. Zimmerli

      Pages 133-143

7. Session 5

   1. The Patenting of Genes and Living Organisms: The South’s View

      • Suman Sahai

      Pages 155-168

   2. Patenting of Human Genes and Living Organisms: The Socio-Political Situation in the United States of America

      • B. I. Rowland

      Pages 169-176

8. Session 6

   1. The Human Renin-Angiotensin-System in Transgenic Rats

      • D. Ganten, J. Wagner

      Pages 185-196

   2. Which Rules of Patenting are Acceptable from the Point of View of Industry?

      • B. Yorke

      Pages 197-204

   3. Patentability of Human Genes and Living Organisms: Principles of a Possible International Understanding

      • F.-K. Beier, R. Moufang

      Pages 205-219

Biotechnology is one of the most promising fields of technology, especially since molecular biology methods have enhanced our knowledge of genes, their structure, and their action. This knowledge makes it possible to change genetic material and construct new varieties of cultural plants and animals for various purposes such as nutrition, scientific and medical experimentation, and treatment of human diseases. Such inventions may even include human genes. The understandable desire to have legal protection in this domain has created new problems - especially from the viewpoint of the law and acquiring patents for these new inventions. These problems are under wide discussion and are often controversial. This volume provides a unique overview of the current problems and opinions in this controversial field.

• biology
• biotechnology
• diseases
• genes
• molecular biology
• nutrition
• treatment

"I recommend this book to all scientists concerned about the issues of IPR; ...it gives valuable information in an important and fast-moving field that cannot be gained elsewhere." - Genetical Research

• Institut für Humangenetik und Anthropologie, Heidelberg, Germany

  Friedrich Vogel

• Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany

  Reinhard Grunwald

Policies and ethics