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Arctic and Alpine Biodiversity: Patterns, Causes and Ecosystem Consequences

  • Book
  • © 1995

Overview

Editors:
  1. F. Stuart Chapin

    1. Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA

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    You can also search for this editor in PubMed   Google Scholar

  2. Christian Körner

    1. Department of Botany, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

    View editor publications

    You can also search for this editor in PubMed   Google Scholar

Part of the book series: Ecological Studies (ECOLSTUD, volume 113)

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Table of contents (22 chapters)

  1. Front Matter

    Pages I-XVIII
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  3. Past, Present, and Future Changes in Diversity

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 109-109
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    2. Arctic Tundra Biodiversity: A Temporal Perspective from Late Quaternary Pollen Records

      • L. B. Brubaker, P. M. Anderson, F. S. Hu
      Pages 111-125

    3. Effects of Mammals on Ecosystem Change at the Pleistocene-Holocene Boundary

      • S. A. Zimov, V. I. Chuprynin, A. P. Oreshko, F. S. Chapin III, M. C. Chapin, J. F. Reynolds
      Pages 127-135

    4. Paleorecords of Plant Biodiversity in the Alps

      • B. Ammann
      Pages 137-149

    5. Implications for Changes in Arctic Plant Biodiversity from Environmental Manipulation Experiments

      • T. V. Callaghan, S. Jonasson
      Pages 151-166

    6. Patterns and Current Changes in Alpine Plant Diversity

      • G. Grabherr, M. Gottfried, A. Gruber, H. Pauli
      Pages 167-181

    7. Anthropogenic Impacts on Biodiversity in the Arctic

      • O. R. Young, F. S. Chapin III
      Pages 183-196

  4. Ecosystem Consequences of Diversity

    1. Front Matter

      Pages 197-197
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    2. Plant Functional Diversity and Resource Control of Primary Production in Alaskan Arctic Tundras

      • G. R. Shaver
      Pages 199-211

    3. Direct and Indirect Effects of Plant Species on Biogeochemical Processes in Arctic Ecosystems

      • S. E. Hobbie
      Pages 213-224

    4. Causes and Consequences of Plant Functional Diversity in Arctic Ecosystems

      • F. S. Chapin III, S. E. Hobbie, M. S. Bret-Harte, G. Bonan
      Pages 225-237
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Keywords

About this book

As human populations expand and have increasing access to technol­ ogy, two general environmental concerns have arisen. First, human pop­ ulations are having increasing impact on the earth system, such that we are altering the biospheric carbon pools, basic processes of elemental cycling and the climate system of the earth. Because of time lags and feedbacks, these processes are not easily reversed. These alterations are occurring now more rapidly than at any time in the last several million years. Secondly, human activities are causing changes in the earth's biota that lead to species extinctions at a rate and magnitude rivaling those of past geologic extinction events. Although environmental change is potentially reversible at some time scales, the loss of species is irrevo­ cable. Changes in diversity at other scales are also cause for concern. Habitat fragmentation and declines in population sizes alter genetic di­ versity. Loss or introduction of new functional groups, such as nitro­ gen fixers or rodents onto islands can strongly alter ecosystem processes. Changes in landscape diversity through habitat modification and frag­ mentation alter the nature of processes within and among vegetation patches. Although both ecological changes altering the earth system and the loss of biotic diversity have been major sources of concern in recent years, these concerns have been largely independent, with little concern for the environmental causes the ecosystem consequences of changes in biodiversity. These two processes are clearly interrelated. Changes in ecological systems cause changes in diversity.

Editors and Affiliations

  • Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, USA

    F. Stuart Chapin

  • Department of Botany, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

    Christian Körner

Bibliographic Information

  • Book Title: Arctic and Alpine Biodiversity: Patterns, Causes and Ecosystem Consequences

  • Editors: F. Stuart Chapin, Christian Körner

  • Series Title: Ecological Studies

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78966-3

  • Publisher: Springer Berlin, Heidelberg

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

  • Copyright Information: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1995

  • Softcover ISBN: 978-3-642-78968-7Published: 26 February 2012

  • eBook ISBN: 978-3-642-78966-3Published: 08 March 2013

  • Series ISSN: 0070-8356

  • Series E-ISSN: 2196-971X

  • Edition Number: 1

  • Number of Pages: XVIII, 332

  • Topics: Geoecology/Natural Processes, Nature Conservation, Ecology

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