Instrumental Methods and Scoring in Extrapyramidal Disorders

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XIV

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2. Theoretical Basics of Rating Scales

   • P. H. Kraus, P. Klotz

   Pages 1-6

3. The Hoehn and Yahr Rating Scale for Parkinson’s Disease

   • J. M. Rabey, A. D. Korczyn

   Pages 7-17

4. A Rational Basis for a New Scoring System Measuring Disability in Parkinson’s Disease

   • H. Baas, K. Stecker, N. Bergemann, P. A. Fischer

   Pages 18-30

5. Depression Inventories in Parkinson’s Disease

   • T. A. Treves, D. Paleacu, J. M. Rabey, A. D. Korczyn

   Pages 31-38

6. Selecting Neurologic Function Tests for Parkinson’s Disease: A Primer

   • A. R. Potvin, W. W. Tourtellotte, G. V. Kondraske, K. Syndulko, J. H. Potvin

   Pages 44-55

7. Measurement of Muscle Tone — Demarcation Between Spasticity and Rigidity

   • A. Struppler, C. Jakob

   Pages 56-72

8. Instrumental Assessment of Rigidity

   • W. Greulich, K. Zeppenfeld, W. Gehlen

   Pages 73-82

9. Tremor Assessment in Clinical Trials

   • P. G. Bain, L. J. Findley

   Pages 83-92

10. Frequency, Amplitude, and Waveform Characteristics of Physiologic and Pathologic Tremors

    • G. Deuschl, J. Timmer, H. Genger, C. Gantert, C. H. Lücking, J. Honerkamp

    Pages 93-100

11. Interaction Between Voluntary and Involuntary Movements

    • H. Hefter, H.-J. Freund

    Pages 101-108

12. Long-Term Measurement of Tremor

    • S. Spieker, E. Scholz, M. Bacher, J. Dichgans

    Pages 109-116

13. Kinematics of Standing Posture Associated with Aging and Parkinson’s Disease

    • M. Hallett, V. Panzer, T. Zeffiro

    Pages 117-129

14. Differential Diagnosis of Organic and Psychogenic Vertigo Using Dynamic Posturography

    • J. H. J. Allum, F. Honegger, M. Huwiler

    Pages 130-142

15. Relevance of Posturographic Parameters in the Differential Diagnosis of Parkinsonism

    • C. Trenkwalder, W. Paulus, S. Krafzcyk, M. Hawken, W. H. Oertel, T. Brandt

    Pages 143-149

16. Quantification of Dopaminomimetic Effects on Parkinsonian Symptoms Using Automatic and Voluntary Postural Responses

    • V. Panzer-Decius, L. M. Nashner, D. J. Beckley, T. N. Chase

    Pages 150-160

17. Posturography in Parkinson’s Disease Patients on and off Medication

    • F. Müller, J. Dichgans, G. E. Stelmach

    Pages 161-171

18. Tracking Measures of Movement

    • K. A. Flowers, M. R. Sheridan

    Pages 172-180

19. Kinematic Analysis of Complex Movements in Parkinson’s Disease

    • R. Inzelberg, T. Flash, A. D. Korczyn

    Pages 181-187

20. The Age Function of Normative Data for a Personal Computer-Based Test System for the Analysis and Quantification of Manual Movement Disability

    • J. Machetanz, C. Bischoff, B.-U. Meyer, J. Forster, B. Conrad

    Pages 188-195

Many extrapyramidal motor diseases result from underlying neurodegenerative processes, which however are very advanced at the time the clinical diagnosis is made. From animal experiments it seems likely that we may soon have several substances that provide neuroprotective effects, but that their therapeutic use must be as early as possible. This fact was the starting point for the meeting, held at Chiemsee, that formed the basis of this book. The idea was to develop in­ strumental methods that, first, permit an earlier diagnosis by drawing on the experience of experts and, second, provide a better resolution of successful therapy than the currently used methods. As early as 1886, Charcot tried to differentiate the tremor of polysclerosis and Parkinson patients by using a drum developed by Marey, a physiologist. Subse­ quently, many apparatuses were developed to better identify movement disorders, initially for diagnostic purposes. Most of these methods proved to be inferior to the skill of experienced observers. In the last two decades, however, both the technical advances made in measuring methods and the improvements achieved in methods of evaluation have led to marked advances in the quantification of motor dis­ turbances. An objective of the symposium held at Chiemsee and of this book is to provide an overview of the procedures that are currently commonly used for extrapyramidal movement disorders, and to identify their potential and limitations.

• Extrapyramidal Disorders
• Extrapyramidale Störungen
• Parkinson
• basics
• depression
• diagnosis
• diseases
• evaluation
• muscle
• patients
• therapy
• vertigo

• St. Josef-Hospital, Neurologische Universitätsklinik, Bochum, Germany

  Horst Przuntek, Peter H. Kraus, P. Klotz

• Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel

  Amos D. Korczyn

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