Specimen Banking

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-x

   PDF

2. Introduction

   1. Preface

      • M. J. Schwuger

      Pages 1-3

   2. Editorial Foreword

      • M. Rossbach, J. D. Schladot, P. Ostapczuk

      Pages 5-6

   3. Markus Stoeppler — Impressions of his Life with Science

      • G. Erdtmann

      Pages 7-12

3. Specimen Banking

   1. Specimens of Human Origin for Biomonitoring

      • F. H. Kemper

      Pages 13-28

4. Specimen Banking in Industrialized Countries

   1. Progress of Six Years Experience with Environmental Specimen Banking in the Federal Republic of Germany

      • U. R. Boehringer

      Pages 29-36

   2. Specimen Banking at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

      • R. Zeisler, B. J. Koster, S. A. Wise

      Pages 37-49

   3. Specimen Bank Activities at NIES

      • Y. Ambe, K. Okamoto

      Pages 51-55

5. Practical Specimen Banking

   1. Selection and Preparation of Relevant Reference Materials for Agricultural Purposes

      • M. Ihnat

      Pages 57-73

   2. The Common Mussel (Mytilus edulis) as Marine Bioindicator for the Environmental Specimen Bank of the Federal Republic of Germany

      • J. D. Schladot, F. W. Backhaus

      Pages 75-87

   3. The Role of Lead and Cadmium Reference Samples in an Epidemiological Case Study at Santo Amaro, Bahia, Brazil

      • T. M. Tavares

      Pages 89-98

6. Organic Analytical Approaches

   1. Air Filter Systems — Necessary for Environmental Specimen Banking

      • J. Jacob, G. Grimmer

      Pages 99-113

   2. A Simple Cleanup Procedure for the Quantitative Determination of PAHs Nitro-PAHs in Particulate Matter

      • K. Reisinger, A. Zajc

      Pages 115-125

   3. Analysis of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons (CHC) in Environmental Samples

      • K. Oxynos, H. Schmitzer, H. W. Dürbeck, A. Kettrup

      Pages 127-137

7. Inorganic Analytical Approaches

   1. Nuclear Analytical Methods in Environmental Specimen Banking

      • Susan F. Stone, Rolf Zeisler

      Pages 139-152

   2. Advanced Electrochemical Techniques for the Determination of Heavy Metals in Specimen Bank Materials

      • P. Ostapczuk, M. Froning

      Pages 153-165

   3. Determination of Trace Elements in Human Organs using ICP-AES

      • H. P. Bertram, C. Müller

      Pages 167-178

   4. Future Prospects of Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

      • R. F. M. Herber

      Pages 179-193

   5. Occurrence and Behaviour of Mercury and Methylmercury in the Aquatic and Terrestrial Environment

      • S. Padberg, K. May

      Pages 195-215

8. Future Development

   1. Standard Reference Materials for the Identification and Determination of Inorganic and Organometallic Compounds of Trace Elements

      • K. J. Irgolic

      Pages 217-224

M.J. Schwuger The Environmental Specimen Bank is a repository of representative environ­ mental specimens for safe long-term storage over decades and centuries without any chemical change in the constituents. It represents the modern form of a systematically designed collection which will permit comparative analyses and evaluations of chemicals in the future. The aims are: - the determination of selected chemical compounds at the time of storage, - comparative investigations with new methods for chemicals which, at the time of storage, could not be determined or were not recognized as important, - observation of trends in the environment using authentic material from the past and - documentation of long-term changes. Environmental specimen banking is thus suitable for identifying environmental changes and initiating necessary measures of remediation. It may be used to identify problems, study correlations between cause and effect and determine the effectiveness of legislative measures as well as to recommend the activities required. This is not only ecologically important, but also relevant for man, since he is the last member in the food chain and is therefore affected by all compartments of the environment. For this reason, two banking systems were established in Germany, one for environmental specimens (Jiilich), and the other for human specimens (Miinster).

• Environmental Chemistry
• Environmental Monitoring
• Reference Materials
• Umweltbelastung
• Umweltschutz
• environment
• environmental change
• ecotoxicology

• Institut für, Angewandte Physikalische Chemie, Umweltprobenbank, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany

  M. Rossbach, J. D. Schladot, P. Ostapczuk

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