Imaging of the Brain in Psychiatry and Related Fields

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XIX

   PDF

2. Structural Imaging Methods (Computerized Tomography/Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

      PDF

   2. Schizophrenia as an Anomaly of Cerebral Asymmetry

      • T. J. Crow

      Pages 3-17

   3. Structural Brain Changes in Schizophrenia: The Issue of Subgroups

      • L. Marsh, D. R. Weinberger

      Pages 19-26

   4. Volumetry of Limbic Structures in Schizophrenics and Controls

      • S. Heckers, H. Heinsen, H. Beckmann

      Pages 27-30

   5. Hippocampus and Basal Ganglia Pathology in Chronic Schizophrenics. A Replication Study from a New Brain Collection

      • B. Bogerts, P. Falkai, M. Haupts, B. Greve, U. Tapernon-Franz, U. Heinzmann

      Pages 31-35

   6. Normal Size of Temporal Areas in a Group of Schizophrenic Patients: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

      • C. Colombo, G. Calabrese, S. Livian, G. Scotti, S. Scarone

      Pages 37-41

   7. Ventricle Size and P300 in Elderly Depressed Patients

      • S. Schlege, D. Nieber

      Pages 43-46

   8. Fast Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Three Dimensional Volumetric Calculations in Degenerative Central Nervous System Diseases

      • G. Birbamer, S. Felber, A. Kampfl, F. Aichner, F. Gerstenbrand, H. Benesch

      Pages 47-51

   9. Arachnoid Cysts in Psychiatric Patients: A Retrospective Computerized Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

      • T. Becker, M. Lanczik, E. Hofmann, T. Müller, M. Warmuth-Metz, J. Fritze et al.

      Pages 53-56

   10. Cerebral Effects of Stereotactic Subcaudate Tractotomy

       • A. L. Malizia, M. G. Graves, J. B. Bingham, J. R. Bartlett, P. K. Bridges

       Pages 57-60

   11. Comparisons of Linear and Planimetric Indices as Estimators of Intraventricular Cerebrospinal Fluid Spaces (CSF) in Normal Autoptic Brains

       • K. Niemann, L. Woeckel, J. Wasel

       Pages 61-63

   12. Automatic Transfer from Three-Dimensional Volume Elements in the Brain to Knowledge-Based Artificial Diagrams

       • D. Graf von Keyserlingk, K. Niemann, H. Knott

       Pages 65-69

3. Functional Imaging Methods (Cerebral Blood Flow/Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography)

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 71-71

      PDF

   2. Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Schizophrenia

      • S. Warkentin, J. Risberg

      Pages 73-80

   3. The Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Landscape in Chronic Schizophrenia: An 18 Year Follow-up Study

      • E. Cantor-Graae, S. Warkentin, G. Franzén, D. H. Ingvar, J. Risberg

      Pages 81-85

   4. Cortical and Subcortical Brain Function in Schizophrenia

      • P. Rubin, L. Friberg, S. Holm, P. Videbech, H. S. Andersen, B. B. Bendsen et al.

      Pages 87-92

   5. Technetium-99m Hexamethylpropilene-amino-oxime Cerebral Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography in Drug-Free Schizophrenic Patients

      • A. Vita, G. Invernizzi, M. Garbarini, G. M. Giobbio, M. Dieci, C. Morganti et al.

      Pages 93-96

   6. A New Methodical Approach for the Imaging of Cerebral Benzodiazepine Receptors in Schizophrenia: Preliminary Results of a Single Photon Emission Tomography Study with [123I] Iomazenil

      • J. Schröder, B. Bubeck, U. Roelcke, M. Jauss, P. A. Schubiger, H. Sauer

      Pages 97-103

   7. Parietal Lobe Effects of Somatosensory Stimulation in Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography: A Study on Mood Disorders and Schizophrenia

      • D. Ebert, H. Feistel, A. Barocka, T. Mokrusch, W. Kaschka

      Pages 105-108

In the last two decades imaging of the brain, or neuroimaging, has become an integral part of clinical and research psychiatry. This is due to recent advances in computer technology, which has made it relatively easy to generate brain images representing structure and function of the central nervous system. Currently used clinical diagnostic imaging modalities, such as X-ray computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) , provide predominantly anatomic information. CT images reflect X-ray attenuation distribution within the brain, whereas MRI signals depend primarily on proton sensitivity and tissue relaxivity. The chapter "Structural Imaging Methods" reviews CT and MRI studies on schizophrenic and affective disorders and degenera­ tive central nervous system diseases. The impact of fast three­ dimensional (3-0) imaging and the automatic transfer from 3-D elements in the brain to artificial diagrams based on this information is considered. Since the original report of the findings of Ingvar and Franzen in 1974 and the introduction of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) measurements, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) has been gaining acceptance as one of the major imaging techniques, and it is available in most nuclear medicine depart­ ments. The section "Functional Imaging Methods (Cerebral Blood Flow - CBF, Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography - SPECT)" describes rCBF studies with the 133Xe inhalation method utilizing a 254 detector system and rCBF images measured by SPECT using the tracer 99mTc-HMPAO.

• PET
• SPECT
• brain
• computed tomography (CT)
• electroencephalography (EEG)
• magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
• neuroimaging
• neurology
• neuroradiology
• positron emission tomography (PET)
• psychiatry
• radiology

• Department of Psychiatry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

  Konrad Maurer

Policies and ethics