Rhythms in Physiological Systems

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-IX

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2. Physiological Rhythmicity and Synergetics

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

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   2. Physiology of Rhythms and Control Systems: An Integrative Approach

      • H. P. Koepchen

      Pages 3-20

   3. Synergetics – Can It Help Physiology

      • H. Haken

      Pages 21-31

3. Cardiovascular Rhythms

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 33-33

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   2. Autorhythmicity in Blood Vessels: Its Biophysical and Biochemical Bases

      • G. Siegel, A. Walter, F. Schnalke, H. W. Hofer, H. P. Koepchen, K. Riickborn

      Pages 35-59

   3. Role of the Rostroventrolateral Medulla in the Generation of Rhythmicities of the Sympathetic Activity

      • A. Trzebski, S. Baradziej

      Pages 61-68

   4. Noninvasive Methods for Studying Rhythmic Nervous Control of Human Circulation

      • A. Lindqvist

      Pages 69-76

   5. The High Pressure System of the Mammalian Circulation as a Dynamic Self-Organizing System

      • H. Schmid-Schönbein, S. Ziege

      Pages 77-96

   6. Spectral Analysis of Circulatory Rhythms and Baroreflex Sensitivity in Man

      • N. Honzíková, B. Fišer

      Pages 97-102

   7. Spectral Analysis of Cardiovascular Variables as a Tool to Quantify Neural Cardiovascular Control in the Laboratory and Real Life Conditions

      • M. Pagani, O. Rimoldi, P. Pizzinelli, D. Lucini, A. Malliani

      Pages 103-114

   8. Cardiorespiratory Variability: Fractals, White Noise, Nonlinear Oscillators, and Linear Modeling. What’s to Be Learned

      • J. P. Saul

      Pages 115-126

   9. Spectral Analysis as an Assessment of the Neural Control of the Heart: A Methodological Comparison

      • R. Stark, D. Vaitl

      Pages 127-137

   10. Power Laws, Transients, Attractors, and Entropy: Possible Implications for Cardiovascular Dynamics

       • J. P. Zbilut

       Pages 139-152

4. Respiratory Rhythms

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 153-153

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   2. The Respiratory System — Features of Modulation and Coordination

      • F. Raschke

      Pages 155-164

   3. Phase Resetting of Respiratory Rhythm — Experiments in Animals and. Models

      • F. L. Eldrige

      Pages 165-175

   4. Rhythmogenesis of Deterministic Breathing Patterns

      • C. L. Webber

      Pages 177-191

5. Motor Coordination

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 193-193

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   2. Synergetic Dynamics of Biological Coordination with Special Reference to Phase Attraction and Intermittency

      • J. A. S. Kelso, G. C. DeGuzman, T. Holroyd

      Pages 195-213

Rhythms are a basic phenomenon in all physiological systems. They cover an enormous range of frequencies with periods from the order of milliseconds up to some years. They are described by many disciplines and are investigated usually in the context of the physiology of the respective function or organ. The importance given to the research on rhythmicity is quite different in different systems. In some cases where the functional significance is obvious rhythms are at the center of interest, as in the case of respiration or locomotion. In other fields they are considered more or less as interesting epiphenomena or at best as indicators without essential functional significance, as in the case of cardiovascular or EEG rhythms. Recently the study of physiological rhythms has attracted growing interest in several fields, especially with respect to rhythm research in humans and its rapidly spreading applications in basic behavioral research, and as a diagnostic tool in clinical medicine. This development was favored by two methodological and conceptual ad­ vances: on the one hand, the availability of non-invasive methods of continu­ ous recording of physiological parameters and their computer-assisted evaluation, and on the other, the rapid development of theoretical analyses, for example, the understanding of dynamic systems, the generation of coordinated macroscopic pro­ cesses in systems comprising many single elements, and the mathematical tools for treating nonlinear oscillators and their mutual coupling.

• EEG
• Synergetics
• cardiovascular rhythms
• circadian rhythms
• perception
• respiratory rhythms

• Institut für Theoretische Physik und Synergetik der Universität Stuttgart, Stuttgart 80, Germany

  Hermann Haken

• Center for Complex Systems, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA

  Hermann Haken

• Institut für Physiologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 33, Germany

  Hans Peter Koepchen

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