Pathophysiology of Shock, Sepsis, and Organ Failure

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XIX

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2. Introduction: “Organ in Shock”, “Early Organ Failure”, “Late Organ Failure”

   1. Introduction: “Organ in Shock”, “Early Organ Failure”, “Late Organ Failure”

      • G. Schlag, H. Redl

      Pages 1-3

3. Trauma, Shock and Development of the Organ in Shock and Early Organ Failure (SIRS)

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 5-5

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   2. Shock, Sepsis, and Multiple Organ Failure: The Result of Whole-Body Inflammation

      • R. J. A. Goris

      Pages 7-24

   3. The Role of Complement

      • M. Heideman, A. Bengtsson

      Pages 25-35

   4. Activation of Humoral Systems. The Role of Coagulation, Fibrinolysis, and the Plasma Kallikrein-Kinin System

      • A. O. Aasen, L. Buø

      Pages 36-45

   5. Proteinases

      • M. Jochum, W. Machleidt, H. Neuhof, H. Fritz

      Pages 46-60

   6. Cellular Mechanisms of Leukocyte Adhesion

      • Asrar B. Malik, Yan Wang

      Pages 61-78

   7. Eicosanoids in Trauma and Traumatic Shock

      • H. Neuhof

      Pages 79-91

   8. Radical Related Cell Injury

      • H. Redl, H. Gasser, S. Hallström, G. Schlag

      Pages 92-110

   9. Humoral Mechanisms

      • D. B. Hoyt, W. G. Junger, A. N. Ozkan

      Pages 111-130

   10. Monocyte and Lymphocyte Responses Following Trauma

       • R. Stephan, A. Ayala, I. H. Chaudry

       Pages 131-144

   11. Metabolic Response to Trauma

       • J. Arnold, D. Leinhardt, R. A. Little

       Pages 145-160

   12. Morphology of the Lung as a Consequence of Direct and Indirect Trauma

       • G. Schlag, H. Redl, J. Pretorius

       Pages 161-175

   13. Permeability Changes

       • M. Seyr, N. J. Mutz

       Pages 176-193

   14. Cardiac Function During Hypovolemia

       • D. L. Traber, J. Meyer, L. D. Traber

       Pages 194-199

   15. Cardiodepressant Factors

       • S. Hallström, B. Koidl, U. Müller, K. Werdan, G. Schlag

       Pages 200-214

   16. Response of the Macrocirculation

       • G. Gutierrez, S. D. Brown

       Pages 215-229

   17. Response of the Microcirculation: Tissue Oxygenation

       • G. I. J. M. Beerthuizen

       Pages 230-241

   18. Cardiovascular Function in Acute Burns

       • C. S. Cox Jr., D. L. Traber, J. B. Zwischenberger, D. N. Herndon

       Pages 242-256

In this book current knowledge of the pathophysiology of shock, sepsis and multi organ failure is presented. The rapid progress which has been made and the results achieved in intensive care medicine are based on sound basic research, which is duly reflected in these chapters. Multiorgan failure is the foremost cause of postoperative and posttraumatic death and many complex mechanisms are involved. Only with a good foundation of basic research can abnormalities in the physiological, biochemical, and morphological course of shock be recognized and the necessary conclusions for treatment drawn. Therapy must proceed from profound knowledge of the multi variant physiological events in order to influence shock, sepsis and organ failure. Although numerous possibilities for therapy have arisen from pharmaceutical research in recent years, they are beyond the scope of this book and are not discussed here. To gain a better understanding of the pathophysiological events it was necessary to examine and to describe different models that simulate and reproduce these events. Here we describe the causative agents (shock) and the consequences (sepsis, organ failure) in two main sections, divided on the basis of their pathophysiology.

• Anästhesie
• Organversagen
• Sepsis
• Trauma
• Unfallchirurgie
• antibiotic
• care
• intensive care
• intensive care medicine
• multiple organ failure
• pathophysiology
• physiology
• shock
• surgery
• traumatology
• Trauma Surgery

• Ludwig-Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria

  Günther Schlag, Heinz Redl

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