Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-IX

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2. Human T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Viruses — An Introduction

   • Peter K. Vogt

   Pages 1-5

3. Isolation, Characterization, and Biological Effects of the First Human Retroviruses: The Human T-Lymphotropic Retrovirus Family

   • Marjorie Robert-Guroff, Philip D. Markham, Mikulas Popovic, Robert C. Gallo

   Pages 7-31

4. Human T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Viruses (HTLV): A Unique Family of Pathogenic Retroviruses

   • Hiroaki Mitsuya, Samuel Broder

   Pages 33-51

5. Epidemiology of Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma in Japan

   • Kazuo Tajima, Suketami Tominaga

   Pages 53-66

6. Human T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Viruses: Clinical and Epidemiologic Features

   • William A. Blattner, Robert C. Gallo

   Pages 67-88

7. Clinical Aspects of Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma

   • Kiyoshi Takatsuki, Kazunari Yamaguchi, Fumio Kawano, Hiromichi Nishimura, Motoharu Seiki, Mitsuaki Yoshida

   Pages 89-97

8. The Epidemiology of Human T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Virus

   • Yohei Ito

   Pages 99-112

9. Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma and Its Clinical Subtypes from the Viewpoints of Viral Etiology

   • Masanori Shimoyama

   Pages 113-125

10. A Retrovirus Associated with a Human Leukemia, Adult T-Cell Leukemia

    • Yorio Hinuma

    Pages 127-141

11. Biology of T-Cell Leukemia Virus: Search for an Animal System

    • Isao Miyoshi

    Pages 143-156

12. Molecular Biology of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Associated with Adult T-Cell Leukemia

    • Mitsuaki Yoshida, Seisuke Hattori, Motoharu Seiki

    Pages 157-175

13. Structure and Function of the Genome of HTLV

    • William A. Haseltine, Joseph G. Sodroski, Roberto Patarca

    Pages 177-209

14. Some Perspectives on the Molecular Mechanism of In Vitro Transformation and In Vivo Leukemogenesis by HTLV

    • Flossie Wong-Staal

    Pages 211-220

15. Primary Structure and Processing of gag and env Gene Products of Human T-Cell Leukemia Viruses HTLV-I_CR and HTLV-I_ATK

    • Stephen Oroszlan, Terry D. Copeland

    Pages 221-233

16. Envelope Properties of Human T-Cell Leukemia Viruses

    • Robin A. Weiss, Paul Clapham, Karoly Nagy, Hiroo Hoshino

    Pages 235-246

17. Human T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Virus: Studies of Host-Virus Interaction

    • Thomas J. Palker, Dani P. Bolognesi, Barton F. Haynes

    Pages 247-266

characteristic features in common with the genome of other retroviruses: long terminal repeats (L TR), and coding regions for internal proteins (gag), for re­ verse transcriptase (pol), and for glycosylated virion surface proteins (env) , ar­ ranged in the sequence gag, pol, env from the 5' to the 3' end of the genome. However, the HTL V genome also contains some specific features not shared with all other retroviruses: the LTR regions are unusually long (745 base pairs, with 298 base pairs constituting the R region), but unlike the long L TRs of mouse mammary tumor viruses, they do not contain open reading frames. A stretch of noncoding sequences separates the gag and the pol genes. Most interestingly, the HTLV genome contains a region between the 3' end of the env gene and the L TR, called the pX region, that encompasses four open reading frames. Leukemic T cells freshly obtained from patients contain the HTL V provirus but usually do not express it. However, once established in culture, these cells produce viral proteins and release type C particles. Likewise, T cells infected and transformed by HTL V in vitro synthesize virus. Such producing cell lines have been widely used in seroepidemiological surveys and continue to be of importance for detailed studies of viral proteins and nucleic acids.

• cell
• gene
• leukemia
• protein
• proteins
• retroviruses
• tumor
• virus

• Department of Microbiology, University of Southern California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA

  Peter K. Vogt

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