Repair and Regeneration of the Nervous System

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-viii

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2. Introduction

   • J. G. Nicholls

   Pages 1-5

3. A Synoptic View of the Development of the Vertebrate Central Nervous System

   • W. M. Cowan

   Pages 7-24

4. Normal and Abnormal Development of the Human Nervous System

   • N. N. Herschkowitz, G. M. McKhann

   Pages 25-39

5. Factors That Influence Neural Development in Nematodes

   • H. R. Horvitz

   Pages 41-55

6. Acute Neural Reaction to Injury

   • G. W. Kreutzberg

   Pages 57-69

7. Molecular Events in Axonal Regeneration

   • M. Willard, J. H. P. Skene

   Pages 71-89

8. Transplantation of Neurons and Sheath Cells — A Tool for the Study of Regeneration

   • A. J. Aguayo, R. M. Richardson, S. David, M. Benfey

   Pages 91-105

9. Guidance of Axons During Development and After Nerve Injury

   • D. Purves

   Pages 107-125

10. Regeneration of Synapses

    • J. R. Sanes

    Pages 127-154

11. Cell Recognition and Specific Synapse Formation

    • K. J. Muller

    Pages 155-171

12. Factors Involved in the Regulation of the Survival and Differentiation of Neurons

    • H. Thoenen, Y.-A. Barde, D. Edgar

    Pages 173-185

13. Regeneration and Repair of the Nervous System: Clinical Aspects

    • H.-J. Freund, H. J. Bauer

    Pages 187-202

14. Recovery Mechanisms in the Mammalian Brain

    • W. Singer

    Pages 203-226

15. Clinical Evaluation of Injury and Recovery

    • W. E. Crill, M. E. Raichle

    Pages 227-242

16. Adaptive and Maladaptive Regeneration in the Spinal Cord

    • E. Frank

    Pages 243-254

17. Temporal Changes After Spinal Cord Injury

    • L. Mendell

    Pages 255-268

18. Electroneuroprostheses: Usefulness in Rehabilitation

    • B. S. Nashold Jr.

    Pages 269-286

19. Neural Development: Implications for Recovery from Injury

    • C. J. Shatz, M. Bate, F. J. Bonhoeffer, W. M. Cowan, S. Easter, N. N. Herschkowitz et al.

    Pages 289-311

20. Early Responses to Neural Injury

    • H. J. Anderson, A. J. Aguayo, S. E. Blackshaw, D. Bray, R. W. Gilliatt, A. D. Grinnell et al.

    Pages 315-339

5) To what extent do events occurring during regeneration re­ semble those seen in development? Questions like these remain open, particularly in relation to the mammalian central nervous system and to the effects of lesions or disease. The first chapters of this volume are concerned primarily with normal and abnormal development of the nervous system. New concepts have emerged over the past few years as a result of experiments made on the development of the higher nervous system in mammals. Thus, the principles of cell death, competition, selective retraction of specific processes, and the effects of abnormalities on the development of the rest of the system have now been extensively investigated. In addition, considerable information is available about biochemical changes during normal and abnormal development in the human. At the other end of the scale, in invertebrates it is now possible to follow cell lineage and to define the origin and fate of a sin­ gle neuron of known function together with its processes. While an understanding of development is clearly important for studying basic mechanisms of repair and regeneration, one cannot expect the processes to be identical or even comparable in the two situations. For example, cell migration, guidance by radial glial fibers, selective cell death, and the critical periods for competition, sprouting, and retraction observed in the visual system can hardly playa part in repair.

• Nervenregeneration
• Nervenverletzung
• Regeneration
• brain
• cognition
• experiment
• information
• migration
• nervous system
• neurons
• rehabilitation
• spinal cord
• system

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