Steroids and Brain Edema

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XII

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2. Experimental Aspects of Brain Edema and Therapeutic Approach

   1. Pathophysiological Aspects of Brain Edema

      • Igor Klatzo

      Pages 1-8

   2. Functional Aspects of Abnormal Protein Passage Across the Blood-Brain Barrier

      • K.-A. Hossmann, Y. Olsson

      Pages 9-17

   3. The Effects of Hypertonic Urea on the Blood-Brain Barrier and on the Glucose Transport in the Brain

      • Maria Spatz, Zbigniew M. Rap, Stanley I. Rapoport, Igor Klatzo

      Pages 19-27

   4. Molecular Aspects of Membrane Structure in Cerebral Edema

      • Harry B. Demopoulos, Paul Milvy, Sophia Kakari, Joseph Ransohoff

      Pages 29-39

   5. Some Aspects of the Pharmacology of Adrenal Steroids and the Central Nervous System

      • C. D. Withrow, Dixon M. Woodbury

      Pages 41-55

3. Effects of Steroids on Experimental Brain Edema

   1. Effects of Steroids on Cold Injury Edema

      • Hanna M. Pappius

      Pages 57-63

   2. The Effects of Glucosteroids upon Experimental Brain Edema

      • Don M. Long, Robert E. Maxwell, Lyle A. French

      Pages 65-76

   3. The Influence of Dexamethasone on Water Content, Electrolytes, Blood-Brain Barrier and Glucose Metabolism in Cold Injury Edema

      • H.-D. Herrmann, D. Neuenfeldt, J. Dittmann, H. Palleske

      Pages 77-85

   4. Multiple Therapeutic Approaches in the Treatment of Brain Edema Induced by a Standard Cold Lesion

      • Don M. Long, Robert E. Maxwell, Kil Soo Choi, Harry O. Cole, Lyle A. French

      Pages 87-94

   5. Steroid-Induced Inhibition of Growth in Glial Tumors: a Kinetic Analysis

      • Charles B. Wilson, Marvin Barker, Takao Hoshino, Anthony Oliver, Robert Downie

      Pages 95-100

   6. Effects of Steroids on Edema Associated with Injury of the Spinal Cord

      • Marcial G. Lewin, Hanna M. Pappius, Robert R. Hansebout

      Pages 101-112

   7. Effect of Dexamethasone on Triethyl Tin Induced Brain Edema and the Early Edema in Cerebral Ischemia

      • Barry A. Siegel, Rebecca K. Studer, E. James Potchen

      Pages 113-121

   8. Effects of Ischemia on Water and Electrolyte Content of Cerebral Tissues

      • S. Shibata, J. W. Norris, C. P. Hodge, H. M. Pappius

      Pages 123-125

   9. Effect of Dexamethasone on the Early Edema Following Occlusion of the Middle Cerebral Artery in Cats

      • Daniel Bartko, Hans J. Reulen, Herrmann Koch, Kurt Schürmann

      Pages 127-137

4. Mechanisms of Action of Steroids on Brain Edema

   1. Physiology and Pathophysiology of Protein Permeability in the Central Nervous System

      • Charles F. Barlow

      Pages 139-146

   2. Studies on the Mechanisms of Action of Steroids in Traumatized Brain

      • H. P. Tutt, Hanna M. Pappius

      Pages 147-151

   3. Evidence Regarding the Action of Steroids in Injured Spinal Cord

      • Robert R. Hansebout, Marcial G. Lewin, Hanna M. Pappius

      Pages 153-155

   4. The Role of Necrosis and Inflammation in the Response of Cerebral Edema to Steroids

      • Raymond A. Clasen, Walid A. Hindo, Sylvia Pandolfi, Iris Laing

      Pages 157-166

   5. Effect of Antioxidants on Experimental Cold-Induced Cerebral Edema

      • Bienvenido D. Ortega, Harry B. Demopoulos, Joseph Ransohoff

      Pages 167-175

The control of brain edema is still one of the major problems in surgical and conservative treatment of various cerebral lesions. Many attempts have been made to develop methods for reducing the high mortality associated with brain edema. Mter many years of using hypertonic solutions it can be stated that this type of therapy has not yielded satisfactory results. During recent years increasing evidence has been accumulated on the efficacy of steroids on brain edema. Steroids were reported to result in rapid relief of signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure and neurological dysfunction accompanying cerebral edema. It was the aim of this workshop to evaluate the effect of corticosteroids on brain edema as an advance in therapy. It was hoped that this could be achieved by a multi­ disciplinary approach. Though, the volume contains the contributions of various experts - internists, neurochemists, neurologists, neuropathologists, neurosurgeons, pharmacologists, physiologists - who have added considerable experimental and clin­ ical evidence on the action of steroids on brain edema. New pathophysiological aspects regarding the mechanisms underlying the formation and resolution of brain The effectiveness of corticosteroid therapy in various forms edema are presented. of clinical and experimental brain edema, e. g. accompanying brain tumors, head injury, spinal cord injury, cerebrovascular lesions, etc. as well as dosage and duration of treatment are critically discussed.

• brain
• brain tumor
• central nervous system
• cerebral ischemia
• growth
• head
• head injury
• inflammation
• mortality
• nervous system
• neurosurgery
• physiology
• spinal cord
• surgery
• therapy

• Neurochirurgische Universitätsklinik Mainz, Mainz, W. Germany

  H. J. Reulen, K. Schürmann

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