Vertical Food Web Interactions

1. Front Matter

   Pages I-XXI

   PDF

2. Plant-Insect Relationships: Life-History and Evolution of Tephritid Flies

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

      PDF

   2. The Sympatric Origin of Phytophagous Insects

      • Guy L. Bush, James J. Smith

      Pages 3-19

   3. Host Race Formation in Tephritis conura: Determinants from Three Trophic Levels

      • M. Romstöck-Völkl

      Pages 21-38

   4. Symphagy Among Florivorous Fruit Flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Southern California

      • Richard D. Goeden

      Pages 39-52

   5. Establishment of Urophora cardui (Diptera: Tephritidae) on Canada Thistle, Cirsium arvense (Asteraceae), and Colony Development in Relation to Habitat and Parasitoids in Canada

      • D. P. Peschken, J. L. Derby

      Pages 53-66

3. Host Parasite Interactions

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 67-67

      PDF

   2. Host Relationships at Reversed Generation Times: Margaritifera (Bivalvia) and Salmonids

      • G. Bauer

      Pages 69-79

   3. The Community Structure of Ticks on Kudu, Tragelaphus strepsiceros, in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

      • T. N. Petney, I. G. Horak

      Pages 81-89

   4. The Epidemiology of Parasitic Diseases in Daphnia

      • D. Ebert, R. J. H. Payne, W. W. Weisser

      Pages 91-111

4. Aspects of Chemical Ecology in Different Food Chain

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 113-113

      PDF

   2. Inter- and Intraspecific Transfer of Toxic Insect Compound Cantharidin

      • K. Dettner

      Pages 115-145

   3. Survival in a Hostile Environment. Evaluation of the Developmental Success of the Oligophagous Leaf Beetle Chrysomela vigintipunctata (Scop)

      • W. Topp

      Pages 147-169

   4. Ecdysteroids in Pycnogonids: Hormones and Interspecific Allelochemicals

      • K.-H. Tomaschko

      Pages 171-188

5. Phytophages and Their Enemies: Interactions Between Aphids and Their Predators and Parasitoids

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 189-189

      PDF

   2. Growth and Development in Parasitoid Wasps: Adaptation to Variable Host Resources

      • M. Mackauer, R. Sequeira, M. Otto

      Pages 191-203

   3. Patch Quality and Fitness in Predatory Ladybirds

      • A. F. G. Dixon

      Pages 205-223

   4. Interactions Between Ants and Aphid Parasitoids: Patterns and Consequences for Resource Utilization

      • W. Völkl

      Pages 225-240

   5. The Relative Importance of Host Plants, Natural Enemies and Ants in the Evolution of Life-History Characters in Aphids

      • B. Stadler

      Pages 241-256

6. Community Organization and Diversity in Multitrophic Terrestrial Systems

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 257-257

      PDF

In the past years, much work has been carried out on either life-history evolu­ tion or structure and function of food webs. However, most studies dealt with only one of these areas and often touched upon the other only marginally. In this volume, we try to synthesize aspects of both disciplines and will concen­ trate on how the interactions between organisms depend on their life-history strategies. Since this is a very comprehensive topic, this volume will focus on vertical interactions to remain within a clearly arranged field. We present some scenaria based on life-history variation of resource and consumer, and show how particular patterns of life-history combinations will lead to particular patterns in trophic relationships. We want to deal with the selective forces underlying these patterns: the degree of specificity of the consumers deter­ mines the dependence on its resource, and its adaptation to the spatial and temporal availability of the resource. In this respect, the spatial structure of the resource and its "quality" may play an important role. The impact of natural enemies is another important selective force which may influence the evolu­ tion of interactions between species and the structure of communities. Here, the acquirement of an enemy-free space may provide selective adavantages. The importance of the impact of enemies is also expressed by the development of numerous and sometimes very subtle defense strategies. This will be dem­ onstrated especially for various aspects of chemical ecology.

• Entomologie
• Evolution
• Nahrungskette
• Nahrungsnetz
• Parasitologie
• Pflanzen-Insekt-Beziehungen
• Wirt-Parasit-Beziehungen
• co-evolution
• ecology
• entomology
• food chain
• food web
• host-parasite interactions
• parasitology
• plant-insect interactions

• Lehrstuhl für Tierökologie II, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany

  Konrad Dettner

• Institut für Biologie I, Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

  Gerhard Bauer

• Lehrstuhl für Tierökologie I, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany

  Wolfgang Völkl

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